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Farm Animal (Poppy) > Dead Livestock > Flashcards

Dead Livestock Flashcards

1
Q

What do older animals (>48m, check this) need to be tested for when doing a post mortem?

A

TSE

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2
Q

What notifiable disease should be considered when neoplasia is found in a bovine?

A

Enzootic bovine leukosis

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3
Q

What disease causes this lesion?

A

Blackleg/C. chavoei (‘chavs wear black trousers’)

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4
Q

What disease causes this lesion and neurological signs in lambs?

A

Taenia multiceps

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5
Q

Which system should you examine last in a post mortem and why?

A

Guts due to contamination of any samples you want to take

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6
Q

What is the cranial ‘pluck’ in a post mortem?

A

Removing the tongue/hyoid/lungs together

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7
Q

How do you examine the inside of the liver?

A

‘Breading’

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7
Q

What is an important consideration of liver biopsies in cows?

A

May be Clostridium present in liver, must be vaccinated if you’re going to go ahead

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7
Q

What causes this ‘Turkey egg kidney’ in pigs?

A

African and classical swine fever

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7
Q

What causes this kidney lesion in sheep? (Often dead tups when stressed by mating/not eating enough)

A

Copper poisoning (e.g. feeding tups with cow feed)

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8
Q

Causes of sudden death in sheep

A

Anthrax
Lightning strike
Grass staggers/hypomagnesemia
Clostridia
Parasites

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9
Q

What disease in cows can cause this tracheitis lesion?

A

IBR

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10
Q

What causes this presentation in cow lungs?

A

Lungworm (Dictyocaulus viviparus)

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11
Q

What notifiable disease can cause this presentation?

A

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP)

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12
Q

Is Proteus mirabilis a significant finding when sampling during a post mortem?

A

No, it readily overgrows in cultures, main isolate recovered from field samples

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13
Q

What should you do before taking a sample during a post mortem?

A

Sear surface (to sterilise the surface, if not possible to sear use an alcohol wipe)

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14
Q

What swab should you use for post mortems?

A

Charcoal swab (transport medium)

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15
Q

If it is hot when sampling in post mortem what should you do with samples?

A

Put them on ice

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16
Q

Apart from searing, how do you keep samples sterile in post mortems?

A

Use a sterile scalpel

17
Q

What caused this lesion in a camelid?

A

TB (notifiable and zoonotic)

18
Q

What is this disease in the heart of a cow?

A

Endocarditis

19
Q

What causes this gross lesion of pericardium?

A

Tire wire disease/traumatic reticulopericarditis

20
Q

Histology samples during post mortem

A

1cm depth of all tissues except brain

21
Q

Sampling to diagnose diarrhoea

A

Rumen, abomasal, SI and LI contents

Charcoal swab +/- plain swab

Fixed stomach and intestine if fresh enough (if fixing do ASAP, start autolysing 5 mins after death)

22
Q

Pre-weaned rumen problems/diagnoses

A

Drinking/feeding issues (tube feeding with dirty tube, milk in rumen should not be clotted)

23
Q

This to look for in the post weaned/adult rumen when looking for a cause of death

A

pH/smell
Nature of contents (lots of cereal?)
Plant material
Foreign bodies
Development of papillae
Rumen fluke

24
Q

What is this structure in an abomasum of a calf?

A

Transmural ulcer (likely due to overfeeding/stretching, perforate and cause rapid death)

25
Q

What is this condition in the rumen?

A

Rumen fluke/Calicophoron daubneyi (snails involved in life cycle)

26
Q

What is an important cause of mesenteric oedema?

A

Johne’s disease (often have very high parasitic faecal egg counts coincidentally and such results may lead to erroneous conclusions)

27
Q

What can Toxocara vitulorum cause in calves?

A

Impactions (large numbers)

28
Q

C. perfringens type A

A

Gas gangrene and haemorrhagic enteritis
(G a s)

29
Q

C. perfringens type B

A

Lamb dysentry
(Lam b)

30
Q

C. perfringens type C

A

Struck
(Stru c k)

31
Q

C. perfringens type D

A

Pulpy kidney
(Ki d ney)

32
Q

C. novyi

A

Black disease

33
Q

C. septicum

A

Braxy
(Septic ulcerations in small intestines)

34
Q

C. tetani

A

Tetanus

35
Q

C. sordellii

A

Gag gangrene

36
Q

Which Clostridia cause enterotoxaemia?

A

C. perfringens (type A-D)

37
Q

Age that lamb dysentery causes sudden death in lambs

A

<3 weeks

38
Q

Age that pulpy kidney causes sudden death in lambs

A

3-12 weeks and 6 months

39
Q

Age that Struck causes sudden death in lambs

A

> 1 year

40
Q

Age that Braxy causes sudden death in lambs

A

6-12 months

41
Q

Age that Black disease causes sudden death in lambs

A

> 6 months

42
Q

Age that Blackleg and tetanus cause death in lambs

A

All ages

43
Q

Age that pasteruella pneumonia causes sudden death in lambs

A

All ages

44
Q

Age that pasteurella septicaemia causes sudden death in lambs

A

> 6 months

Farm Animal (Poppy) (13 decks)

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