DD Benign neoplasms of skin

Question 1

Infantile Hemangioma

Answer 1

aka Capillary or Strawberry Hemangioma

○ Most common soft tissue tumor of infancy (10-12%); benign endothelial cell neoplasm

Question 2

Systemic complications of infantile hemangioma

Answer 2

There are a lot, one of the bad ones:

Kasabach-Merritt syndrome (a consumptive thrombocytopenic coagulopathy) and

high output congestive heart failure.

Question 3

Port Wine Stain typically follows what distribution?

Answer 3

trigeminal nerve

Question 4

Skin tags

Answer 4

acrochordons

- 1/4 of adults have at least 1 - gross

Question 5

Positive dimple “Fitzpatrick” sign

indicates what?

Answer 5

pinch lesion and should see slight downward movement of tumor

Dermatofibroma

Question 6

Barnacles of Life

Answer 6

Seborrheic keratosis
Benign tumor of the hair follicle, distributed mainly in on the head, neck, trunk.

slightly raised, light brown to black papules or plaques.

Question 7

melanocyte nests (nevus cells) exclusively within the ____________

Answer 7

dermis. (moles are intradermal)

Question 8

Blue Nevus

how does it occur?

Answer 8

§ Dermal proliferation; produce lots of melanin

• Due to Tyndall Effect, blue color is reflected back (shorter wavelengths)

Question 9

Endothelial Cell benign skin growth

Answer 9

○ Cherry Angiomas
○ Infantile Hemangioma: embolized placental cells or angioblasts that differentiate toward placental type.
○ Port Wine Stain

Question 10

The Sebaceous gland is the cell type of origin for which benign skin growths?

Answer 10

Sebaceous Hyperplasia and Nevus sebaceous

Question 11

The Fibroblast is the cell type of origin for which benign skin growths?

Answer 11

Dermatofibroma

Question 12

Keratinocytes are the cell type of origin for which benign skin growths?

Answer 12

Seborrheic keratosis

Question 13

Melanocytes benign skin growth

Answer 13

nevi, melanoma,
ephelides (freckles),
lentigo (sunspots),
café au lait macule

Question 14

Dermatofibroma malignant potential if:

Answer 14

if presented as large and enlarging lesion, aka dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)

Question 15

Seborrheic keratoses malignant potential if:

Answer 15

aka Sign of Leser Trelat, which is associated with adenocarcinoma of the stomach in 60%.

Question 16

Congenital Nevi malignant potential if:

Answer 16

if >10 cm; can occur in 1:20,000 newborns, or if >20cm in older patients, 1% will have risk of malignancy. If malignant, 50% appeared in first three years.

Question 17

Dysplastic Nevi malignant potential if:

Answer 17

Increased risk for development of melanoma if pt had family history of multiple dysplastic nevi melanoma

Question 18

Recognize the fact that port wine stains are congenital vascular malformations.

• what is it?
• how does it present?
• complications?

Answer 18

• Vascular malformation that is presented at birth and persists into adulthood; typically due to somatic mutation in GNAQ.
○ Presented as an overgrowth of an extremity covered by a large port wine stain.
○Complications can include varicose veins, venous stasis, edema, and ulceration.