Data - MSK

Question 1

Distal part deviates away from midline?

Answer 1

Valgus

Question 2

Distal part deviates towards the midline?

Answer 2

Varus

Question 3

What is Schirmer’s tear test?

Answer 3

Used to diagnose keratoconjunctivitis sicca (as in Sjorgens)

Blotting paper hooked on eye, tear distance measured, >15mm normal <5mm abnormal

Question 4

Cause of Trendelenburg gait?

Answer 4

Poor abductor function when weight bearing on affected side –> contralateral hemipelvis falls

Also structural and painful hip joint problems

Question 5

Spinal nerves innervating upper limb movements?

Answer 5

C5,6 - arm abduction, elbow flexion
C6,7 - Wrist extension
C7,8 - Elbow extension
C8,T1 - Hand grasp, finger abduction

Question 6

Spinal nerves innervating lower limb movements?

Answer 6

L1,2,3 - Hip flexion
L1,3,4 - Knee extension
L4,5,S1 - Knee flexion
L4,5 - Ankle dorsiflexion
L5,S1 - Great toe extension
S1,S2 - Ankle plantar flexion

Question 7

Lateral curvature of the spine?

Answer 7

Scoliosis

Question 8

Degenerative change in spine?

Answer 8

Spondylosis

Question 9

Defect in pars interarticularis of vertebral arch?

Answer 9

Spondylolysis

Question 10

One vertebra slipping anteriorly on an inferior vertebra?

Answer 10

Spondylolisthesis

Question 11

One vertebra slipping posteriorly on an inferior vertebra?

Answer 11

Retrolisthesis

Question 12

Finger deformities in rheumatoid arthritis?

and draw them

Answer 12

Swan neck –^
Mallet –¬
Boutonniere -^-

Question 13

Proper names for tennis elbow and golfer’s elbow?

Answer 13

Tennis elbow - lateral epicondylitis

Golfer’s elbow - medial epicondylitis

Question 14

Muscles of rotator cuff?

Answer 14

Supraspinatus
Subscapularis
Teres minor
Infraspinatus

Question 15

Sausage toe?

Answer 15

Swollen - dactylitis

Psoriatic arthropathy

Question 16

Tenderness on metatarsal compression with spontaneous lancinating pain?

Answer 16

Morton’s neuroma

Question 17

Test for achilles rupture?

Answer 17

Thomson’s or Simmon’s test

Squeeze calf

Question 18

Low serum calcium bone pathology?

Answer 18

Osteomalacia

Question 19

Serology for rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 19

Anticyclic citrullinated peptides (ACPA) - very specific

IgM Rheumatoid factor

Question 20

Femur fracture types?

Answer 20

Intracapsular - NOF fractures
Extracapsular: - Intertrochanteric (between trochanters)
- Sub trochanteric

Question 21

Hip dislocation?

Answer 21

Most common after total hip replacement

Normally posterior dislocation