DATA COLLECTION AND STATISTICAL TOOLS Flashcards
Sets the stage for selecting one’s methods in investigating the problem or developing the idea.
Methods: quantitative, qualitative or mixed methods
data collection
researcher is obliged to fully develop each aspect of the research proposal before collecting any data
derived from the philosophical orientations of empiricism and logical positivism with multiple steps bound together by precision in quantification
quantitative
requires logical consequences of, or correspond to, a specific theory and its related tenets
hypothesis can be tested statistically to support or refute the prediction made in advance
uses Statistics packages for
treatment of data
quantitative
can be scanned or programmed into a computer application
respondents or their surrogates can enter information directly into the computer or Web site through Internet access.
respondents can enter data directly into studies via automated data capture where subjects enter their own responses via a device with simultaneous coding of responses to questions
paper and pencil quationnaires
A variety of online survey tools also provide researchers the power to collect data from a distance, without postage, using the Internet.
These applications can present questionnaire data in graphically desirable formats, depending on the price and functionality of the software, to subjects delivered via e-mail, Web sites, blogs, and even social networking sites such as Facebook or Twitter if desirable.
automated data capture
The data from the Internet can be downloaded for analysis and several applications provide instant summary statistics that can be monitored over the data collection period.
automated data capture
several of these programs are available for free with limited use
others can be incorporated into the research, giving mobility (e.g., smartphones) and flexibility (e.g., scanning or online entry) to the data capture procedures.
automated data capture
the researcher is obligated to allow the data collected to determine the subsequent steps as it unfolds in the process and/or the analysis
offer different research traditions (e.g., phenomenology, hermeneutics, ethnography, and grounded theory, etc.) that share a common view of reality, which consists of the meanings ascribed to the data such as a person’s lived experiences
qualitative approach
theory is not tested
perspectives and meaning from the data narratives by participants are described and analyzed
qualitative approach
knowledge development is generated from the participant’s experiences and responses to health, illness, and treatments as voiced by the participants
may use interview transcription devices for data capture and analytics software applications to assist the qualitative methodologist to enter, organize, frame, code, reorder, and synthesize text, audio, video, and sometimes numeric data
qualitative approach
is often used for interviews in qualitative studies, whereby the content is transcribed into a word processing program for analysis.
audiotaping
an open-source free audio-recording package, can edit captured voice and export audio data to be analyzed;
audacity
a conversely, simple, free online survey packages that can now export participants’ free text data into qualitative software packages.
survey monkey
a web-based survey that companies and other organizations use to both deliver information and collect information from their customers or another target audience (stakeholders, employees, potential customer.)
online questionnaires
purpose of online questionnaires:
- collating info
- levels of satisfaction
- documenting opinions
- finding out preferences
- analyzing customer data
- developing a general picture
An electronic sampling or collection of opinions on a subject, taken from either a selected or a random group of persons, as for the purpose of analysis.
digital polls
Two or more answer options. (most have 5-6 options)
Select the best from the available options.
The target audience can have a significant effect on the poll results (consider the audience when creating your poll questions.)
multiple choice
Most common type and provides simple and straightforward answer options
Yes or No.
Occasionally include a choice for “Maybe.”
Can be used to filter respondents.
Short and quick poll without any open-ended questions.
dichotomous poll question
measures brand loyalty on a scale of 0-10.
This question identifies promoters, detractors, and passive customers by asking them whether they’ll share their experience with your company with their family and friends.
net promoter score poll question
Degree of agreement or disagreement
Market research of social research
even or odd
likert scale poll question
Asks respondents to rate a particular entity (product, brand, or organization) on a scale with grammatically polar adjectives.
For instance, to measure the power of a product in the market in comparison to competitors, the semantic differential scale will have strong/weak as the polar adjectives.
Extremely reliable poll question type to collect precise respondent data.
semantic differential scale poll question
Some poll questions have answer options that are more important to respondents than others.
The Constant Sum question helps to understand the importance of different answer options.
The respondent can allot weight to each answer option, depending on their preferences.
constant sum poll question
Collect private information about a respondent
Age, occupation, income, or ethnicity.
Provides information to help you divide your customer database based on background.
Poll creators can use this segregated customer list to conduct better marketing activities cost effectively.
demographic poll question
Images are one easy way to spice up polls and catch the attention of your customers.
Most people are more willing to answer survey questions with image answers instead of text responses.
Using images helps you increase your response rates for opinion polls.
image chooser poll question
