D4: The Northern Rising - the threat Flashcards
Why did the Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland feel aggrieved at Elizabeth I’s management of the North?
They felt aggrieved because Elizabeth I had undermined their traditional power and influence in the North by appointing southern Protestant officials to govern the region, marginalizing the Catholic northern nobility.
What was the initial attitude of the Earl of Westmorland toward the plot to marry the Duke of Norfolk to Mary, Queen of Scots?
The Earl of Westmorland was supportive of the plot to marry Mary, Queen of Scots, to the Duke of Norfolk.
How did the Earl of Northumberland initially feel about the plot to marry Mary, Queen of Scots, to the Duke of Norfolk?
The Earl of Northumberland was more hesitant and cautious about the plot to marry Mary to the Duke of Norfolk.
What was Westmorland’s initial attitude toward the plot to marry Norfolk to Mary?
Westmorland was a strong supporter of the planned marriage between Norfolk and Mary, largely because Norfolk was his brother-in-law. He hoped the marriage would restore his influence and power in the North through increased patronage and favor from Norfolk and Mary.
How did Northumberland initially feel about the proposed marriage between Norfolk and Mary?
Northumberland was opposed to the marriage of Mary to Norfolk. As a devout Catholic, Northumberland did not believe that Norfolk, who was nominally Protestant, would be fully committed to restoring Catholicism in England.
What alternative marriage did Northumberland suggest for Mary, Queen of Scots?
Northumberland suggested that a better marriage for Mary would be to Philip II of Spain, but this idea was not well-received, as Philip had no interest in becoming further involved in English affairs.
When did Northumberland finally commit to open rebellion?
Northumberland was reluctant to join the rebellion and did not commit until November 9, 1569, when events gained momentum, and he felt compelled to support the rising.
What was the primary motivation behind Northumberland’s involvement in the rebellion?
Northumberland’s primary motivation was his commitment to restoring the Catholic faith in England. He and Westmorland both wanted to see Mary, Queen of Scots recognized as Elizabeth’s successor to secure the future of Catholicism.
Did Northumberland and Westmorland plan to depose Elizabeth?
No, neither Northumberland nor Westmorland seemed to have planned to depose Elizabeth. Their main goal was to ensure that Mary was next in line for the throne, rather than to remove Elizabeth outright
How well-organized were the plans of the northern earls during the rebellion?
The earls’ plans were not well-thought through. After news of Norfolk’s arrest, an initial attempt at a rising in October was abandoned. The rebel movements, particularly between Durham and Bramham Moor, suggest uncertainty and lack of a clear strategy.
Why was the involvement of the earls significant despite their lack of strategy?
The earls posed a significant threat to Elizabeth’s government due to their contact with potential enemies of the queen, such as Mary, Queen of Scots and the Spanish ambassador, as well as their desire to restore Catholicism. Their local influence and leadership in the northern communities made them particularly dangerous
How did local communities react to the rebellion led by the earls?
The earls were able to garner significant support from Catholic gentry and their own tenants in the North. Their longstanding connections and influence helped them to control the counties of Durham and Yorkshire for nearly a month, while Elizabeth’s local officials struggled to contain the rising.
How did the earls’ leadership contribute to the rebellion’s strength?
The earls’ leadership, combined with the strength of their support in local communities where traditional loyalties remained strong, allowed them to challenge Elizabeth’s government effectively. Their ability to rally Catholic gentry and recruit their own tenants made the rebellion difficult for the government to quickly suppress.
