D1: Foreign support for the pretenders Flashcards
Why was Burgundy a persistent threat to Henry VII?
Burgundy was controlled by the Yorkist Duchess Margaret, who actively supported Yorkist plotters, making it a stronghold for opposition against Henry.
How did Margaret of Burgundy support Yorkist plotters?
Margaret offered protection and aid to key figures, including John de la Pole, Francis Lovell, and Perkin Warbeck.
What did M of Burgundy do in terms of introducing foreign connections to Warbeck? No close detail needed.
She also used her close family connection with Maximilian, the Hapsburg Holy Roman Emperor, to try to improve Warbeck’s challenge.
How did Margaret of Burgundy support Pretenders like Simnel and Warbeck?
Margaret provided both financial support and mercenary troops to help them in their attempts to challenge Henry.
Why was Burgundy’s relationship with England economically significant?
Burgundy was a major trading partner, especially in the cloth industry, which was vital to England’s economy.
What changed in 1488 regarding France and England?
France threatened the independence of Brittany, a close ally of England.
What was King Charles VIII’s reaction to Henry’s actions?
Charles wished to avoid war and agreed to negotiate peace through the Treaty of Étaples in 1492
What were the main terms of the Treaty of Étaples?
Charles promised not to support English rebels, particularly Perkin Warbeck, and agreed to pay most of Henry’s campaign costs along with an annual pension of £5,000.
How did the Treaty of Étaples benefit Henry’s position?
It reinforced his reputation as a capable military leader, restored English prestige, and provided significant financial gains.
Why was the Treaty of Étaples significant for Henry?
It removed the threat of a French-backed Yorkist challenge and enhanced his financial security.
Did France remain a threat to Henry after the Treaty of Étaples?
No, after the treaty, France ceased to be a serious threat to Henry.
Why was the northern border with Scotland a particular concern for Henry
Scotland was a traditional enemy of England and had a long-standing alliance with France.
What serious challenge did Henry face from Scotland in 1495?
King James IV offered support to Perkin Warbeck, who posed as a Yorkist claimant to Henry’s throne.
How long did the Scottish-supported challenge to Henry last?
continued for two years, from 1495 to 1497.
Why did James IV stop supporting Warbeck?
James may have realized Henry’s throne was too secure to topple easily, or that it was too costly to continue supporting Warbeck.
- basically lost faith in him.
What happened to Warbeck in 1497?
On July 6, 1497, Warbeck left Scotland on a boat funded by James IV, ending his support from Scotland.
What did Warbeck’s departure allow for between England and Scotland?
It paved the way for a peaceful settlement, leading to the Truce of Ayton in 1497.
How did the Truce of Ayton become a full treaty of peace?
In 1502, it was formalized as a peace treaty, and James IV married Henry VII’s daughter, Margaret, in 1503.
What was the outcome of these events for Henry?
Scotland ceased to be a problem for Henry, and Warbeck was left without foreign support, leading to his capture later in 1497.
Why was Ireland’s position strategic for launching invasions of England?
Its close proximity made it an ideal base for invasions.
Who supported the Pretender Lambert Simnel in 1487 in Ireland?
The Earl of Kildare, a powerful Yorkist nobleman in Ireland.
What significant action did Kildare take to support Simnel?
He arranged for Simnel’s coronation in Dublin.
Why was it difficult for Henry VII to deal with Kildare’s support for Simnel?
Henry, as a new king with a weak claim, would face logistical challenges in sending an army to Ireland.
What was the outcome of Simnel’s rebellion for the Irish?
Simnel and his Irish supporters were defeated at the Battle of Stoke in 1487.
Did Ireland’s significance decline after Simnel’s defeat?
No, Ireland continued to be significant in the 1490s.
How did Kildare react to another Pretender, Perkin Warbeck, in 1492?
After some persuasion, Kildare recognized Warbeck’s claim to the throne.
What action did Henry VII take to control Ireland in 1494?
He appointed Sir Edward Poynings as Lord Deputy to pacify rebellious areas and strengthen English control.
What was Poynings’ main policy to control Ireland?
He introduced Poynings’ Law in 1495 to secure future obedience to the English Crown.
How did Kildare’s stance change after Poynings’ reforms?
Kildare remained loyal to Henry VII for the rest of his reign.
What happened during Warbeck’s final invasion attempt in Cork in 1497?
He was turned away without any support from Ireland.
