D

Question 1

These promote development of specific antibodies that protect against infection.

Answer 1

Vaccinations

Question 2

The concept of this suggests that if a high enough proportion of individuals in a population are resistant to an agent, then those few who are susceptible will be protected by the resistant majority, since the pathogen will be unlikely to “find” those few susceptible individuals.

Answer 2

Herd Immunity

Question 3

OSHA Requirements for Phlebotomists:
* One of OSHA’s primary requirements for phlebotomists is washing hands before and after working with patients, after removing personal protection equipment such as gloves, and anytime they are exposed to blood or anything else that may carry infection.
* In addition, phlebotomists must keep their work areas clean. This includes wiping down and disinfecting surfaces and storing supplies in their proper place. Phlebotomists may not eat, drink or store food in areas where blood or infectious materials are collected or processed. Phlebotomists may not apply make-up, put in contact lenses or use lip balm in work areas.

Answer 3

Cleanliness

Question 4

OSHA Requirements for Phlebotomists:
* Needles and tubes used to collect blood must be immediately disposed of in a proper sharps container. OSHA regulations require containers to be sealable, resistant to punctures, leak-proof and easily accessible. The container must be color-coded red and labeled “bio-hazardous.”

Answer 4

Disposing of Materials

Question 5

OSHA Requirements for Phlebotomists:
* Personal protective equipment protects the employee from contact with blood or other infectious materials. This includes latex gloves, goggles, gowns and face masks. Phlebotomists must use this equipment when blood exposure is possible. They must keep their personal equipment clean and replace equipment if it has damage that would make it ineffective.

Answer 5

Personal Protective Equipment

Question 6

OSHA Requirements for Phlebotomists:
* Phlebotomists must use proper technique and care to avoid splattering or dripping blood. OSHA regulations mandate that any material exposed to blood or other infectious matter must be disposed of in a container labelled bio-hazardous. Reusable materials must be properly disinfected to remove any possible infection.

Answer 6

Disposal of Blood