CYTOTOXIC DRUGS examples Flashcards
1
Q
Anthracyclines examples
A
- Daunorubicin
- Doxorubicin
- Epirubicin
- Idarubicin
2
Q
Anthracyclines: SE
A
- rubi-red urine
- cardio toxic
- Dehydration/diarrhoea
3
Q
Anthracyclines: formulations
A
- Formulations not interchangeable (conventional, liposomal, pegylated liposomal)
- Liposomal → reduced cardiotoxicity but causes painful macular skin eruptions
4
Q
What is important safety information regarding Doxorubicin
A
- Hand-foot syndrome (painful reddening skin eruptions)
- Treat by cooling hands or feet and avoid using gloves and socks
5
Q
Alkylating agents - examples
A
- Cyclophosphamide
- Ifosfamide
- Melphalan
- Bendamustine
6
Q
Alkylating agents - side effects
A
- Urothelial toxicity
- Increased risk of permanent male sterility
7
Q
Cyclophosphamide - SE
A
- cardiotoxicity (high doses)
- cystitis
- pigmentation in nails
- anorexia, weight loss
8
Q
Antimetabolites - examples
A
- Cytarabine
- Fluorouracil
- Methotrexate
- Mercaptopurine
9
Q
Methotrexate - MOA
A
It inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase
10
Q
Methotrexate - SE
A
- Bone marrow suppression
- Renal/hepatic impairment
- Respiratory problems
- Ulcerative stomatitis
11
Q
Methotrexate - monitoring
A
- FBC
- Repeated every 1-2 weeks until stable
- Then every 2-3 months - Renal function
- Repeated every 1-2 weeks until stable
- Then every 2-3 months - Liver function
- Repeated every 1-2 weeks
- Then every 2-3 months
12
Q
How often is
Methotrexate administered?
A
WEEKLY
It the patient is taking it orally, then should take it ONCE a
week, on the same day i.e. every mondays
13
Q
What is the max
Methotrexate dose?
A
20-30mg a WEEK
Methotrexate 10mg every day is an overdose!!
14
Q
Why is Folic acid used?
A
- Folic acid reduces the side effects of Methotrexate
- Folic acid decreases mucosal (e.g. oral mucositis) and Gl side-effects (E.g. ulcerative stomatitis
15
Q
How often does Folic acid need to be administered? And what strength?
A
5mg of Folic acid ONCE a week
To be taken on a different day to Methotrexate
