Cytology

Question 1

Cytology

Answer 1

Study of cells as individuals

Question 2

Histology

Answer 2

Study of tissues

Question 3

finish cytology terms!!

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of cytology? (3)

Answer 4

1. Benign vs malignant
2. Determine nature of inflammatory reactions
   - Infectious
   - Allergic
   - Toxic
3. Identify causative agents

Question 5

T/F: One of the primary purposes of cytology is to differentiate between benign and malignant

Answer 5

True!

Question 6

What are some advantages of cytology? (6)

Answer 6

1. Rapid sample collection & eval
2. Special equipment not generally needed
3. Sed/anesthesia rarely needed
4. Several sample prep options
5. Several staining options
6. Inexpensive

Question 7

What are some disadvantages of cytology? (3)

Answer 7

1. Doesn’t provide the same into as histology
   - Hist is more accurate
   - Provides tissues architecture info
2. Only very limited # of cells being eval compared to entire mass or organ
3. Certain organs , tumors, or diseases yield little or no info on cytology

Question 8

Name the 6 sample techniques

Answer 8

1. Swabs
2. Scrapings
3. Imprints
4. FNA
5. Capillary tech
6. Centesis

Question 9

Collection techniques:
Swabs
1. Used when
2. How to do it

Answer 9

1. Used when:
   - Aspirate or scrapings no t possible
   - Commonly usages: Otic cyt, nasal exudates, vaginal cyt, & conjunctival cyt.
2. How to do it
   - Moist sterile cotton or rayon swab

Question 10

Collection techniques:
Scrapings
1. Used when
2. How to do it

Answer 10

1. Used when
   - Smears of scrapings from biopsy samples or skin lesions
2. How to do it
   - Scalpel blade held perpendicular to tissue & gently dragged across surface in one direction
   - Material collected is dragged across a slide
   - For skin add mineral to collect mites

Question 11

Collection techniques:
Imprints “Tape prep”
How to do it

Answer 11

How to do it
1. Slide or tape is pressed against open wound or lesion
- or -
2. Slide is pressed against biopsy sample after excess blood/fluid removed with gauze

Question 12

Collection techniques:
FNA
1. Used when
2. How to do it

Question 13

Collection techniques:
Capillary tech
1. Used when
2. How to do it

Answer 13

1. Used when
   - For delicate cells or samples
2. How to do it
   - Needle placed into tissue or lymph node w/o syringe
   - Needle is rapidly thrust back & forth w/slight changes in direction
   - Needle attached to air filled syringe to blow sample onto slide

Question 14

Collection techniques:
Centesis
1. Used when
2. What should be recorded when doing this?

Answer 14

1. Used when:
   - Needle insertion into any body organ or cavity to collect fluid
   - Can be diagnostic or therapeutic
2. Record:
   - Amount of fluid
   - Appearance of fluid, may change from beginning to end

Question 15

Centesis terms
Cysto
Abdominalcentesis
Thoracocentesis
Arthocentesis

Question 16

Centesis samples are normally submitted for… (3)

Answer 16

1. Cytology: slides or purple top
2. Culture: in cult media or red top
3. Possible chem analysis: red or grey top

Question 17

T/F: Fluid samples, no matter how large, should never be placed in any sample tubes

Answer 17

False! If a vol of 0.25mL or greater is collected you may put it in a purple top (EDTA) and refrigerate

Question 18

Smear prep
How to do it

Answer 18

1. Spray sample in middle of clean slide
2. Lay spreader slide at 45 angle & back into 1/3 of sample
3. Pull spreader forward rapidly and smoothly

Question 19

Squash prep
How to do it

Answer 19

1. Place sample in middle of clean slide
2. Place spreader horizontal to sample slide
3. Spreader is pulled smoothly and rapidly across

Question 20

Starfish prep
How to do it

Answer 20

1. Place sample om middle of slide
2. Drag sample w/tip of needle in mult directions
   This has the least damage to fragile cells, but can lead to an overall thick sample

Question 21

Concentration techniques
1. Why do we do it?
2. The three methods