Cytology

Question 1

cytology

Answer 1

study of individual cells

Question 2

what is cytology used for?

Answer 2

used as a preliminary diagnostic tool
can establish if a lesion is inflammatory and stage the degree, severity, and occasionally etilogy

Question 3

what can be diagnosed through cytology?

Answer 3

malignancies and hyperplasia

Question 4

parabasal cell

Answer 4

seen in vaginal cytology
smallest cells
high N/C ratio and basophilic cytoplasm

Question 5

intermediate cell

Answer 5

seen in vaginal cytology
~2x larger than parabasal cells

Question 6

superficial/cornified cell

Answer 6

seen in vaginal cytology
small, round nuclei or anuclei, abundant cytoplasm

Question 7

what types of cells can be seen during proestrus?

Answer 7

a mix: neutrophils, parabasal, intermediate and cornified, mucus

Question 8

what types of cells can be seen during estrus?

Answer 8

cornified epithelial cells, bacteria

Question 9

what makes up the ejaculate volume?

Answer 9

1. sperm-free watery secretion
2. sperm-rich fraction
3. sperm-poor fraction

Question 10

which objective lens is used to observe sperm wave motion?

Answer 10

40x

Question 11

which objective lens is used to observe sperm motility?

Answer 11

100x

Question 12

how can we evaluate sperm concentration?

Answer 12

hemacytometer

Question 13

how can we evaluate live:dead sperm ratio?

Answer 13

stain and smear

Question 14

sperm morphology

Answer 14

head with acrosome, neck, tail

Question 15

centesis

Answer 15

ex: abdominocentesis, thoracocentesis, cystocentesis, arthrocentesis
anesthesia and aseptic prep for peritoneal/pleural fluid
make smears, EDTA and beaker of sample
record gross characteristics and cell types

Question 16

trans tracheal/bronchial wash

Answer 16

used for pulmonary disease
use sterile tube for sample
perform gross exam and look at cell types