CYANOTIC HEART DEFECTS

Question 1

What is the primary characteristic of cyanotic heart defects?

Answer 1

Decreased blood oxygenation

Question 2

4 characteristics of Tetralogy of Fallot

PVOR

Answer 2

Pulmonary stenosis
Ventricular Septal Defect
Overriding Aorta
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy

Question 3

how the blood normally flows through the heart

Answer 3

1. superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
2. Right Atrium
3. Tricuspid valve
4. Right Ventricle
5. Pulmonary valve
6. Pulmonary Artery
7. Lungs for oxygenation
8. Pulmonary veins
9. Left Atrium
10. Mitral valves
11. Left ventricle
12. Aortic valve
13. Aorta
14. To different parts of the body

Question 4

explain tetralogy of fallot

Answer 4

1. Tetralogy of Fallot is a cyanotic heart defect
2. In this condition the heart has to work harder to pump blood to the lungs, which cause the right ventricle to work harder and enlarge.
3. Many patients with this condition will experience clubbing of the nails.

Question 5

“tet spell”
explains

Answer 5

during any type of activity like feeding, crying, playing etc. the child’s heart (due to Tetralogy of Fallot) is unable to maintain proper oxygen levels in the blood (these activities place extra work on the heart and it can’t keep up)

Question 6

TET SPELLS s/sx

Answer 6

• ACUTE CYANOSIS (bluish tint)
• SOB
• FAINTING
• increase respiratory rate
  -anxiousness & irritability

Question 7

Risk factors of TET SPELLS in Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 7

• Crying
• Feeding

Question 8

TET SPELLS POSITION Nsg. Mngt.

Answer 8

Infants and Young Children- Knee Chest Position
Older Children- squatting position

Question 9

Squatting helps to increase _____ ______ _____, which will decrease_____ to ______ that is occurring in the ventricles and this helps increase oxygen levels.

Answer 9

increase systemic vascular resistance; decrease right to left shunt

Question 10

heart sounds of a patient with a severe case of Tetralogy of Fallot,

expect to hear a __________ murmur at the _______ of the sternal border

Answer 10

systolic; left

Question 11

TOF appropriate nursing diagnoses

Answer 11

-Activity Intolerance
-Failure to thrive

Question 12

DOC for Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 12

Administer drugs, as ordered:
* digitalis
* diuretics

MORPHINE
PROPANOLOL

Question 13

TOF SURGERY

Answer 13

• Shunt Placement
• Blalock Taussig Procedure
• Brock Procedure

Question 14

NSG. INTERVENTION

Answer 14

• Maintain respiration/Oxygenation
• Proper positioning
  ü Cyanotic child, lateral position, knee-chest, squatting for preschool or older children
• Promote Rest
• Keep warm
• Prevent infection
• Administer drugs, as ordered: digitalis and diuretics