Cyanobacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two forms of cyanobacteria?

A

Filamentous or unicellular forms

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2
Q

What 5 groups is cyanobacteria divided into?

A
  1. Unicellular, binary fission
  2. Unicellular, multiple fission
  3. Filamentous, undifferentiated
  4. Filamentous, divide on a single plane
  5. Filamentous, branching
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3
Q

What were cyanobacteria the first of?

A

First oxygen-evolving phototrophic organisms of Earth

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4
Q

What did cyanobacteria do as the first oxygen-evolving phototrophic organisms on Earth?

A

Converted atmosphere from anoxic to oxygenated

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5
Q

What kind of phototrophs are cyanobacteria?

A

Oxygenic phototrophs

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6
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur in cyanobacteria?

A

In the thylakoid membrane

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7
Q

What kind of pigments do cyanobacteria have?

A

All produce chlorophyll a pigment and most also have phycobilin pigments

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8
Q

What do the chlorophyll a and phycobilin pigments do in cyanobacteria?

A

They are accessory pigments in photosynthesis.

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9
Q

Many cyanobacterium exhibit gliding motility. What are some examples of this?

A

Rotations, reversals, and flexing of filaments. Also phototaxis and chemotaxis

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10
Q

How do cyanobacteria float?

A

Gas vesicles

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11
Q

Cyanobacteria have hormogonia and akinetes. What are these?

A

Hormogonia are filaments that help cyanobacteria move. Akinetes are “resting”, survival cells of cyanobacteria.

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12
Q

In what area is nitrogen fixed in cyanobacteria?

A

In the heterocysts, which are on the ends or along the filament

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13
Q

Describe the ecological diversity of cyanobacteria.

A

They are widely found in nature and tolerant of extreme environments, such as hot springs, saline lakes, and desert soils

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14
Q

What theory involved cyanobacteria?

A

The theory of endosymbiosis due to it having chloroplast in it.

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