Chapter 2 (Test 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Endospores

A
Resistant to heat, chemicals, radiation, UV
Survival structures
Bacillus, Clostridium
 species
No Archaea
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2
Q

Endospore conversion back to

A

to vegetative cell

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3
Q

Structure of the bacterial endospore

A
Spore coats-layers of spore-specific proteins
Cortex-loose peptidoglycan
Exosporium-thin protein covering
Core-cell constituents
DNA
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4
Q

Chemical constituents of the bacterial endospore

A
  • Dipicolinic acid-calcium complex in core

- Small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs)

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5
Q

Dipicolinic acid-calcium complex in core

A
10% of spore
Reduces water availability
Increases heat resistance
Increases chemical resistance
Intercalates in DNA 
Prevents heat denaturation
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6
Q

Small acid-soluble proteins (SASPs)

A

Bind DNA—UV, desiccation, dry heat

Carbon and energy source for outgrowth

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7
Q

Gliding motility

A

Filamentous or rod-shaped cells:
Cyanobacteria—Polysaccharide secreted onto surface pulls cell along
Flavobacterium—Proteins on cell surface

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8
Q

Microbial taxis

A

Movement towards or away from a an agent
Cell surface receptors
Chemotaxis of peritrichously flagellated cell

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9
Q

Other taxes

A

Phototaxis—light
Osmotaxis—high ionic strength
Hydrotaxis—water
Aerotaxis—oxygen

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