CW2: Scotland and England Flashcards

1
Q

How did Charles formalise an agreement with the Scots?

Give 2 points

A

He rejected the 4 Bills, an amalgamation of NPs and ‘Heads’ arranging a secret engagement with Engagers, faction of the Covenanters who were frustrated with plmt for not enacting religious change

Dec 1647 - Engagement agreed to 3 years of Pres in exchange for Scot aid

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2
Q

How did the Engagement make CWII inevitable?

Give 2 points

A

Damaged Charles’ reputation - untrustworthy as he had fled and also aimed to invade England with foreign troops

Jan 1648 - plmt hardened at passed Vote of No Addresses which ended negotiation with Charles

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3
Q

How religiously devoted was the NMA?

A

Apr 1648 - NMA gathered at Windsor to pray before battle - Major General Harrison declared Charles a ‘man of blood’ - key event in radicalisation towards regicide

Core of officers were devout, chaplains were appointed to each regiment, soldiers themselves preached

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4
Q

What threat did the royalist uprisings cause NMA?

A

Mar-July 1648 rising in South Wales, Apr-Aug rising in East Anglia, May-Dec rising in Kent

Threatened to stretch out the forces of the NMA but were uncoordinated, so the army split and deal with them successfully

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5
Q

How did the NMA deal with the Scottish threat?

A

July 1648 - large force of Scottish troops entered England, joining with 4,000 northern royalists

Aug - Cromwell and Lambert defeated them at Preston though they were actually outnumbered

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6
Q

What did the victory of CWII suggest to the NMA?

A

Leaders were even more convinced God’s providence was with them

Rank and file saw settlement as impossible and leniency was reduced - Colchester uprising ended in 1648 Aug, where royalist leaders were tried and executed

By contrast, plmt believed another war marked the importance of a settlement to restore order

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