CVD quiz Flashcards
Claudication =
pain usually in your legs due to lack of oxygen caused by constriction of blood vessels
Peripheral Edema =
= the accumulation of fluid in the legs of a person
If chest pain only occurs with physical exertion but not at rest, it is X angina
stable
Angiography is a type of x-ray that shows X
how blood moves to the heart
Which of the following is not a cause of heart failure ?
- diabetes mellitus
- coronary artery disease
- hypotension
- hypertension
- drug abuse
Hypotension
Difficulty breathing when lying down is known as X
orthopnea
Risk factors for many peripheral venous disease include…
- prolonged sitting in an airplane, - immobilization due to surgery,
inherited clotting disorders,
hormonal changes
What test would make the most sense in helping to diagnose pulmonary embolism ?
A) An arterial blood test to measure how well blood is clotting
B) A measurement of blood albumin levels to make sure drugs can be carried within the vasculature appropriately
C) A white blood cell count to figure out if there is an infection
D) ) A look at levels of liver enzymes to ensure the liver hasn’t been damaged too severely
A)
Elevations in X on a blood test are mainly an indicator of clot formation
d-dimers
James is going to visit the doctor because he has found out that his blood pressure is 118/80. What best describes his blood pressure?
A) Optimal blood pressure
B) Symptomatic blood pressure
C) Hypertension
D) Hypotension
A) optimal
Unstable/Stable angina occurs suddenly and comes as a surprise to the person
Unstable
NOT a result of hypertension =
A) It might lead to more fluid accumulation and even higher levels of blood pressure since the damaged kidneys cannot remove water efficiently anymore
B) It may cause damage to eyesight by constant seizures as a result of increased blood pressure
C) It may lead to left ventricular hypertrophy as a result of an increased work load on the left ventricle as it pumps blood into circulation against a greater force
D) ) It can cause damage to the kidneys since the high blood pressure itself, over time, damages the blood vessels in the kidneys
B)
Angina most likely occurs when a person is active/inactive
Active
Unstable/Stable angina is a regular occurrence and can become predictable over time
Stable
Angioplasty =
a procedure sed to place a stent into a narrowed artery to help keep it open
The inadequate supply of blood to a tissue or organ due to obstructed or constricted vasculature is known as
Ischaemia
Stable/unstable angina lasts for a short time and is often relieved with rest
Stable
Which is the best description of the events which could result in Pulmonary hypertension?
High blood pressure causes the left ventricle to become tired and results in the pulmonary vessels becoming congested with blood
What differentiates a myocardial infarction from angina?
= Heart damage occurs in a myocardial infarction
Red blood cells are not/are found in a plaque
are not
the lung problem that is likely to arise because of deep vein thrombosis is a X
pulmonary embolism
Heart attack, chronic kidney disease, stroke can all result from
atherolsclerosis
X is used to describe a blood clot that forms in the deep vessels of the legs
DVT
Tom is diagnosed with DVT. Why is a pulmonary embolism Tom’s greatest concern?
Part of a clot can break up and block a pulmonary artery.
A blood clot in a deep vein which travels to the lungs is an example of
thromboembolism
Peripheral arterial disease will most commonly lead to … , …. , …. legs
cold, pale, or blue legs
What is most likely to result in DVT?
A) urinary tract infection
B) running a marathon
C) a serious leg injury
D) anticoagulant therapy
C
Dyspnea =
shortness or difficulty of breath
If a blood clot breaks loose and moves into the lungs, it is called a
pulmonary embolism
The arteries that provide blood to the heart muscle are the
coronary arteries
Swelling of the abdomen as a result of fluid accumulation is known as
ascites
If a person is diagnosed with venous thromboembolism, what is wrong with them?
They have both deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
Veins that are large and twisted as a result of valve dysfunction are termed
varicose veins
Pain in the legs that occurs while walking and resolves during rest is called
claudication
What is an infarct, in myocardial infarction?
= a local area of cell or tissue death as a result of prolonged anoxia (absence of oxygen)
Atherosclerotic plaque is made up of …
lipids, cholesterol, calcium, other substances
Deep venous thrombosis may lead to which life-threatening condition =
Pulmonary embolism
How does arteriosclerosis differ from atherosclerosis?
= Arteriosclerosis refers to the hardening of the arterial wall; whereas atherosclerosis refers to the deposition of plaques within the arteries
What is the proper term for the insufficient supply of blood to a tissue or organ, commonly as a result of a blocked blood vessel =
ischaemia
Aspirin is administered for heart attack symptoms, because
it prevents further clotting
Which of the following situations leads to angina and myocardial infarction?
A) a heart attack
B) expansion of the artery
C) blood flow restriction to the heart
D) coronary artery bypass
C)
Paul has been diagnosed with coronary heart disease and was prescribed a statin drug. How will this medication help him?
= Statins lower the cholesterol level.
