Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General medicine > CRC + quiz > Flashcards

CRC + quiz Flashcards

1
Q

CRC is the … (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th) most common cause of cancer

A

3rd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Incidence of CRC? (2018)

A

1.8 mil NEW cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Prevalence of CRC is decreasing/rising

A

rising (due to diet)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Colon cancer is also known as an adenocarcinoma, which is…

A

…a type of cancer that develops from glandular tissues and cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are risk factors for CRC?

A
  • Adenoma = benign tumor of glandular origin, often called polyps. Can develop into CRC
  • 90% cases >50 years of age
  • Family history
  • IBD
  • Smoking
  • Being a man
  • Diet high in red meat and low in fiber
  • Alcohol
  • Polyposis syndrome (hereditary condition that is associated with an increased risk of developing polyps in the digestive tract)
  • History of colon cancer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the warning signs/symptoms of a right-sided colon tumor (20%)?

A
  • Weight loss
  • Anemia
  • Palpable mass lower right side abdomen
  • Often asymptomatic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the warning signs/symptoms of a descending colon tumor (75%)?

A
  • Dark-red blood in stool
  • Mucus in stool
  • Increased bowel frequency
  • Pain
  • Bloating, flatulence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the warning signs/symptoms of a rectal tumor?

A
  • Bright red blood in stools
  • Tenesmus (cramping rectal pain: false feeling of having to poo)
  • Incomplete defaecation feeling
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is CRC diagnosed?

A
  • Colonoscopy
  • Biopsy
  • Blood tests (anemia)
  • Blood in feces
  • CT-scan, PET-scan (metastasis), MRI: staging the cancer (stage 0, stage 1: 90% survival, stage 2: 70%, stage 3: 30%, stage 4: 5%)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can be included in the treatment of CRC?

A
  • Surgical excision
  • Hemicolectomy (removing part of the bowel)
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy
  • FOB tests (faecal occult blood): mass screening
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why is blood often found in the stool of a CRC patient?

A

the formation of blood vessels to the tumor increases the chance of blood found in the stools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What four pathological types of CRC are there?

A
  1. polypoid
  2. ulcerative
  3. stenosing (blocking the passageway)
  4. infiltrative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an adenoma?

A

benign tumor of glandular origin, often called polyps. Can develop into CRC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Incidence of cancer worldwide is (de/in creasing)

A

 Mortality from cancer is X the mortality from infectious diseases and nutritional deficiencies

  • less than half
  • more than half
  • double
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

 Main difference between invasive and non-invasive breast cancer =?

A

Invasive breast cancer has spread beyond the basement membrane, while non-invasive breast cancer has not.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If we would eat a healthy diet and get enough physical exercise, ? % of the most common types of cancer could be prevented

A

20-30%

17
Q

 An important screening tool for breast cancer that’s also a diagnostic tool is a …

A

mammogram

18
Q

Most common form of CRC = ?

A

adenocarcinoma

19
Q

 Cancer incidence = expressed as…

A

new cases/year

20
Q

 Janine has been diagnosed with breast carcinoma in situ. Her physician recommended removing the tumor surgically. Why would her physician recommend surgical excision?

A

tumor is localized and has not spread

21
Q

? are early warning signs for colorectal cancer

A

Polyps

22
Q

 After looking at the results of a patient’s blood test, their doctor suspected Colorectal cancer. How could the doctor confirm their suspicion?

A

colonoscopy

23
Q

Stereotypically, breast cancer will more likely have which combination of the following signs and symptoms

A

hard, painless, fixed and immobile masses

24
Q

 Four most common types of cancer worldwide are: ?

A

lung, breast, colorectal, prostate

25
Q

 Main risk factor cancer =

A

overweight as a result of diet and inactivity

26
Q

 If the age-standardized incidence of a certain type of cancer is higher than the mortality rate, this means that this type of cancer is …

A

treatable

27
Q

 Screening for cancer will reduce …. from cancer

  • prevalence
  • incidence
  • mortality
A

mortality

28
Q

 Besides tobacco use, high body mass index, alcohol consumption, low fruit and vegetable intake, and lack of physical activity, an important cause of cancer - especially in low- and middle income countries – is ..

A

infection

29
Q

 Treatment to relieve, rather than cure, symptoms and suffering caused by cancer and to improve the quality of life of patients and their families is called …

A

palliative care

30
Q

 To avoid excessive false positive cases, patient selection for screening programmes is based on

A

age + risk factors

31
Q

 Most common form of non-invasive breast cancer =

A

ductal carcinoma in situ

General medicine (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions