CV outcome measures & diagnostics Flashcards
scores for 6 minute walk test in chronic HF population:
– avg distance:
– score indicative of poor prognosis
– score predictive of hospitalization and mortality
– 310-427 m
– < 300 m
– < 200 m
an improvement of _____ has a positive effect on morbidity and mortality
an improvement of _____ has QOL benefits
30-50 m
80 m
in HF population, what is the MCID for the 6 minute walk test?
54 m –> an increase in this distance is indicative of clinical change
scores for gait speed (10m walk test) in chronic HF population:
– score that increases risk of all cause mortality
– score that increases risk of all cause hospital admission
– < 0.65 m/s
– < 0.8 m/s
MCID for gait speed:
0.05-0.12 m/s
TUG:
– normal time:
– inc. risk of falls
– slower speeds are associated with:
– valid and reliable for what population:
– 8.2 seconds
– > 13.5 sec.
– inc. mortality and CVD risk
– HF
sit to stand tests:
– reliable and responsive to ____ populations
– time on 5x STS needing further fall risk assessment
– cardiac rehab and geriatric populations
– >/= 12 seconds
short physical performance battery (SPPB):
– assesses?
– better for what type of patients?
– MCID?
– score of ____ increases mortality
– balance, sit to stand, and gait speed
– lower functioning patients
– 1 point
– < 10/12
activity measure for post-acute care (AMPAC 6 clicks):
– used in ___ setting most often
– predicts:
– _____ uses for approval/denial
– score that indicates pt MIGHT need post acute rehab
– acute care
– discharge destinations and functional impairment level
– medicare
– < 17/24
Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire
Seattle Angina Questionnaire
Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire
– all are what kind of outcome measures?
health related quality of life measures specific to heart disease
what is a holter monitor?
continuous, ambulatory 24 hour monitor of heart activity that can be worn up to 30 days (worn around neck)
indications for use of holter monitor:
arrhythmias
palpitations
unexplained dizziness or syncope
assessment of ICD functioning
imaging that is good for viewing fluid accumulation and does not visualize internal structures of the heart well
chest X Ray
indications for getting a chest X ray
heart failure
pulmonary edema
cardiomegaly
post-op CT surgery
device placement
post extubation
a detailed imaging technique to assess structure and function of the heart - like an ultrasound of the heart
echocardiogram
what things can an echocardiogram detect?
atrial & ventricular size
cardiac muscle function
valve function
heart chamber thickness and movement
what is a pro of using an echocardiogram?
provides real time images of a beating heart
estimates EF, SV, and flow rates
indications for performing echocardiogram
valve conditions
congenital heart disease
thrombus
ischemia
cardiac muscle dysfunction
cardiomyopathy
aortic dissection
transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE):
– invasive/noninvasive
– gives ____ views of the heart
– noninvasive
– anterior & superior
transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE):
– invasive/noninvasive
– gives ____ views of the heart
– used for:
– invasive - requires anesthesia
– posterior & inferior
– more accurate & closer view of cardiac structures
why would you want to have a contrast echocardiogram?
allows for improved resolution and more accurate intracardiac blood flow
helps detect cardiac defects
looks closely at coronary blood flow without more invasive diagnostics
what does a MRI of the heart evaluate?
cardiac form and structure
cardiac blood flow
myocardial contractility
what is magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA)?
MRI imaging with IV contrast to evaluate vasculature
a CT of the heart is used to identify ___
structural defects of the heart, aorta, and other large vessels
