CV: Beta Blockers Flashcards
BB can precipitate acute heart failure in patients with what?
Pre-existing poor left ventricular function.
Sleep disturbances, vivid dreams and nightmares can occur with beta blockers. Why is this? Which causes this more commonly?
Caused by penetration into the CNS which is more easily achieved by the more lipophillic beta blockers such as propranolol and metoprolol.
What is used in the treatment of beta blocker overdoses?
What effects does it have?
Glucagon is used in the treatment of beta blocker overdose, as it increases cardiac contractions and decreases renal vascular resistance.
Beta blockers have what impact on serum triglycerides and HDL cholesterol?
Beta blockers cause an increase in triglycerides and a decrease in HDL cholesterol.
What is the association between beta blockers and Raynauds phenomen?
Beta blockers are known to cause cold peripheries - Raynauds phenomen is related to poor circulation and feelings of cold in peripheries.
What impact on blood glucose levels does the use of beta blockers have?
Decreases blood sugars.
Also increases triglycerides and decreases HDL cholesterol.
Nonselective beta blockers may cause bronchospasm, which may be reversed using what?
An anticholinergic like tiotropium.
Propranolol, timolol and sotalol are what generation of BB?
What properties?
1st gen: Propranolol, sotalol and timolol.
Non-selective, do not cause vasodilation.
Atenolol, metoprolol and bisoprolol are what generation BB?
What properties?
Atenolol, metoprolol and bisoprolol are 2nd gen with B1 selective action with NO vasodilation.
What are the most water-solunle BB?
Atenolol
Nedilol
Sotalol
You can COAP better when you’re not cold: what does this mean?
The BB that cause less bradycardia and coldness: Celiprolol Oxeprenolol Acebutolol Pindolol
The BB that are used long-term after an MI can be remembered via: PAT My Black Cat.
Propranolol Acebutolol Timolol Metoprolol Bisoprolol Carvedilol
My Black Cat refers to BB that can be used in patients with LVD (i.e. Heart failure)
Metoprolol
Bisoprolol
Carvedilol
CElebrate NApping/Sleep AT-last
Celiprolol
Nadalol
Sotalol
Atenolol
A man with SVT is treated with metoprolol in an attempt to terminate the arrhythmia.
What is the receptor target of metoprolol?
Alpha1-adrenoceptor Alpha2-adrenoceptor Beta1-adrenoceptor Beta2-adrenoceptor Beta3-adrenoceptor
Metoprolol is a BB that is relatively selective for the B1-adrenoceptor, blockade of this receptor reduces the force of myocardial contraction and decreases the speed of electrical conduction in the heart.
By prolonging the refractory period of the atrioventricular node and slowing conduction in the atria, it can terminate some SVTs and reduce the ventricular rate in AF.
B2-adrenoceptors are found in smooth muscle, such as the bronchial tree; B3 are found in adipose tissue.
