CV Flashcards
ACS murmur
S3
EKG in pericarditis
Diffuse ST elevation, PR depression
Pericarditis Tx
NSAIDs
Aortic Dissection Tx proximal to subclavian
Surgery
Aortic Dissection Tx distal to subclavian
Beta blockers/nitroprusside
Indication for aspirin primary prevention
10-20% 10 yr CV risk
Screening for patients with 10-20% 10 yr CV risk
CT coronary calcium score
First-line anti-anginal medication
Beta-blocker
Statin indications CV disease
High intensity (age under 75), moderate intensity (age>75)
Medications for stable angina (4)
Anti-anginal, anti-platelet, statin, ACEI
Troponin __ is more specific
I
Medications in ACS (5)
Aspirin, Morphine, Beta-blocker, heparin, nitroglycerin
C/I to Beta-blocker in ACS (4)
HR<50, BP<90, 2nd degree AV block, decompensated CHF
Medications added to NSTEMI/UA
IIB/IIIA inhibitor (tirofiban, abciximab, eptifibatide)
Indications for aldosterone antagonist post-ACS
EF under 40%
Left anterior fascicular block EKG
QRS positive in I, negative in aVF
Left posterior fascicular block
QRS negative in I, positive in aVF
Atrial tachycardia EKG
Abnormal P wave morphology
AVNRT EKG
P buried or after QRS
AVNRT First-Line Tx
Adenosine
Narrow complex AVRT Tx
Adenosine
Wide complex AVRT Tx
Procainamide
Multifocal atrial tachycardia EKG
at least 3 P wave morphologies
A-fib rate control Tx
Cardioversion (unstable); beta-blocker or CCB (stable)
A-fib rhythm control Tx
Cardioversion
A-fib maintenance rhythm control Tx
Amiodarone, flecainide, ibutilide, propafenone, sotalol
A-fib anticoagulation valvular disorder
Warfarin
A-fib anticoagulation indications
CHA2DS2VASc 2+
CHA2DS2VASc
CHF, HTN, Age>75, DM, Stroke, Vascular Dz, Age 65+, Sex(F)
Atrial Flutter Tx
same as a-fib
Amiodarone side effects (4)
pulmonary fibrosis, hyper/hypo thyroid, hepatitis
Non-sustained VT Tx
Beta-blocker/CCB
Medications in CHF (5)
ACEI, BB (not in acute decompensation), Loop diuretic, digoxin (decreases hospitalizations), Aldosterone antagonist (EF under 35%)
Which murmur is associated with S4?
Aortic stenosis/Mitral regurgitation
Which murmur increased with leaning forward in upright position?
Aortic regurgitation
Which murmur associated with bounding pulses and head bobbing?
Aortic regurgitation
Which murmur associated with carcinoid syndrome?
Mitral stenosis
Which murmur is most common congenital valvular abnormality?
Mitral valve prolapse
Which valves require anticoagulation?
Mechanical
ABI diagnostic for PAD
0.9
ABI for severe PAD
0.4
Management of aortic dissection
Surgery (ascending); beta-blockers/BP control (descending)
Indications for AAA screening
Males 65-75 with smoking history (one-time screen)
Indications for surgery in AAA (3)
> 5.5cm, >0.6cm increase in 6 months, rupture