Culture & Emotion Flashcards
Feelings
subjective experience/affect; part of emotion
Emotions
Transient, neurophysiological reactions to events.
Gives meaning to events
Categories of Emotion
Basic Emotions
Self-conscious emotions
Basic emotions
Triggered by biologically innate system in our brains
Self-conscious emotions
Associated with self-reflective processes;
- shame
- guilt
- pride
- embarrassment
Universal emotions identified
Anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise.
There is universality in:
Emotion recognition
Physiological responses to emotion
Subjective emotional experience
The coherence among emotion response systems
Emotion antecedents
Emotion appraisal processes
what was consistent between American and Japanese?
Spontaneous facial expressions of emotion
Cultural regulation of emotion occurs via:
Regulating biologically based basic emotions.
Constructing unique emotional experiences.
Constructing unique concepts, meanings, attitudes, values, and beliefs about emotions.
Cultures provide the necessary coordination and organisation to…
…maintain social complexities.
Create rules, guidelines, values and norms concerning the regulation of emotion.
Cultural Regulation of the Basic Emotion System
Cultures influence a core, biologically based basic emotion system to regulate emotions and ensure social coordination.
Cultural calibration of innate emotion and expression system allows for regulation of culturally appropriate emotional responses.
Allows for culturally appropriate behavioural responding, social coordination, prevention of social chaos.
Front-End Calibration of the Basic Emotion System: Cultural Differences in Emotion Antecedents and Appraisals
Cultural differences exist in relative frequencies of various antecedent events to bring about an emotion.
Manny appraisal processes appear to be universal.
Cultures influence what events their members become emotional about in the first place.
Back-End Calibration of the Basic Emotion System: Cultural Display Rules
Cultural display rules: govern how universal emotions can be expressed.
Display rules can modify expressions.
- Deamplification: express less than actually felt.
- Amplification: express more than actually felt.
- Neutralisation: show nothing.
- Qualification: show emotion but with another emotion to comment on it.
- Masking: mask or conceal feelings.
- Simulation: how emotion when not felt.
Cultural Calibration of Emotion Judgements
Cultures calibrate how individuals percieve emotions in others.
Decoding rules: culturally dependent rules learned early in life that govern how emotional expressions are recognised.
Cultural differences exist in inferences about emotional experiences underlying facial expressions of emotion.
Emotion recognition rates are influenced by culturally learned decoding rules.
Individualistic cultures associated with higher recognition rates for certain facial expressions.
Ingroup advantage: ability to recognise emotiosn of those with same culture better than others.
Ways cultural construction of emotional experience occurs;
Socially engaging emotions; caused by social interdependence such as friendliness, respect, sympathy, guilt and shame.
socially disengaging emotions; occur out of thoughts based on independence and autonomy such as pride, self-esteem, sulkiness, or frustration.
Emotional complexity; Co-occurrence of both pleasant and unpleasant emotions.
Dialectical thinking; Accepting contradictions in thought or beliefs.
