cultural rev basic Flashcards
When did the Cultural Revolution begin?
may 1966, politburo launches on a “bunch of counter-revolutionary revisionists”
mao denounced the four olds
The Cultural Revolution was marked by attacks on the ‘Four Olds’ and the rise of the Red Guards.
What significant speeches did Mao publish in 1966?
May 16 Notification and Bombard the Headquarters
These speeches played a crucial role in the initiation of the Cultural Revolution.
What was the impact of the Cultural Revolution on the economy of the PRC?
Serious economic setbacks
The disruption led to the abandonment of the 3rd Five-year plan (1966-70), although it was not officially admitted.
What campaign was known as ‘cleansing the class ranks’?
A campaign against ‘counter revolutionaries’ continued by PLA squads from 1968 to 1971
This followed the dispersal of Red Guard units to the countryside.
Who emerged as Mao’s chosen successor in 1969?
Lin Biao
Lin Biao’s rise was coupled with the restoration of the Communist Party apparatus.
What ideology was placed as the official guiding thought of the Communist Party in 1969?
Mao Zedong Thought
This was established at the 1969 party congress.
What happened to Liu Shaoqi during the Cultural Revolution?
He was purged and died in custody
Liu Shaoqi was the President of China at the time.
What significant event took place in 1971 involving Lin Biao?
Lin Biao died in a plane crash in Mongolia
This was after Mao curtailed his authority and a power struggle ensued.
What was the outcome of the power struggle involving Lin Biao?
He lost and attempted to flee to the USSR
His plane crashed over Mongolia, resulting in his death.
What happened to Deng Xiaoping in 1973?
He was rehabilitated and gained control of CCP’s Central Committee operations
This occurred as Mao and Zhou Enlai’s health deteriorated.
What was the focus of the ‘Campaign to Criticize Lin Biao and Confucius’ launched in 1974?
Targeting Lin Biao and reactionary thought
This campaign aimed to discredit Lin Biao’s influence.
What factional tensions arose in the CCP during the mid-1970s?
Leftists advocated egalitarianism; rightists prioritized growth
These tensions were centered around economic policy.
When did Zhou Enlai die?
January 1976
His death led to public demonstrations honoring him.
What event occurred in March-April 1976 related to Zhou Enlai’s death?
Public demonstrations and riots at Tiananmen Square
These events implicitly criticized leftist leadership.
What happened to Deng Xiaoping in April 1976?
He was purged again
He was blamed for the Tiananmen incident.
What significant event marked September 1976?
Mao Zedong died
This event led to significant changes in leadership.
Who rose to power as Mao’s successor in 1977?
Hua Guofeng
Deng Xiaoping was publicly rehabilitated shortly thereafter.
What economic reforms did Deng Xiaoping launch in 1978?
‘Reform and Opening Up’
These reforms aimed at modernizing China’s economy.
What did Deng’s government do between 1979-1981?
Reversed Maoist policies and rehabilitated victims of the Cultural Revolution
This period marked significant changes in governance.
What happened to Mao’s portraits and statues in 1980?
They were removed
This action symbolized a shift away from Maoist ideology.
What trials occurred during the winter of 1980-1981?
‘Gang of Four’ and Lin Biao’s followers were put on trial
This discredited leftist policies and promoted the rule of law.
when did jiang qing criticise Hai Ru’s play
- feb 65
- for having parallels, glorifying peng dehuai
- labelled as anti-socialist
when does mao distance himself from the party leadershuo
nov 1965, he moved to shanghai
what were the four olds
old culture, ideas, customs and habits
