CUE: Spatial Patterns Of Land Use Flashcards
In HICs. Where is expensive and larger houses located?
In the suburban areas surrounding the city
How do land-use patterns mirror economic patterns?
Wealthier, less-deprived populations usually live on the outskirts of the city, where the quality of life is better than inside the city. Affluence can also be concentrated within the city centre of HIC cities, and house prices can be very high in these areas as land is so expensive
Where are the wealthier areas in London?
The southwest of London, where income is £600-800 a week per family. In this area, people have a higher life expectancy of around 80 years and have better GCSE grades.
How come there can be great deals of poverty in cities within developed countries?
There are issues like deprivation and homelessness. Rent is usually cheaper in the inner city then other areas in the city, but quality of life can be poor. High population densities and strained public services, low access to green space and high crime and unemployment can be common within deprived areas such as residential tower blocks in cities. With a high cost of living that usually comes with living in a city, many can struggle to cope, highlighting th economic inequalities that exist within a city.
How do post-industrialised cities also face deprivation and unemployment?
It is due to the insufficient economic restructuring after industries closed down.
How does London present deprivation within the city?
The lower income areas get less than £500 a week in the North East London.
- travelling east from Westminster, every 2 tube stops represent over one year of life expectancy lost
- 2 million Londoners are living in poverty
In LICs, why is the economic inequality much more severe and how does it follow a different spatial pattern?
In Rio de Janerio, the wealthiest people live near the centre along the coast (with more than 3x the minimum wage) and the poorest people live furthest away from the city (with less than half the minimum wage). Many developing countries do not have the wealth or resources to support poorer populations like developed countries do- this can lead to the development of slums and informal dwellings.
What social issues can arise from the severe poverty in developing countries?
The emergence of gangs due to lack of policing (The Red Commando is a gang associated with drug trafficking in Brazil)
In some Favelas, the operate without any police intervention.
Accessability can be severely limited by poor transport links; if people cannot travel to work, their income is limited by the smaller opportunities available. Studies have shown a very direct link between accessibility and income.
What is the economic contrast in Mumbai?
- some of the most expensive property in the world (27 storey skyscraper owned by 1 family for 2 billion), yet in slums there are 12” by 12” homes with a whole extended family
What are the general land use patterns?
- shops and offices can afford high land values of the CBD
- industry cannot afford the highest land values, so is found away from the CBD (more towards edges of cities)
- housing can only afford low land values
However, in 1980s, the trend of out-of-town shopping peaked and resulted in secondary land value peaking. Increase in traffic meant CBD was no longer the most accessible part of the city
- lack of space meant large retailers looked elsewhere of the CBD
What are the 2 land use models?
- Burgess model - cities grow outwards in a series of concentric rings of land-use, centre is the oldest part and outwards is the newer parts, quality and size of housing increases with distance from CBD
- Hoyt model - follow the development of transport, suggests transport and physical features were important, with industrial areas developing outwards in sectors along main transport routes (roads, rivers and canals) and housing growing up around these
