Changing Places: Ancoats Flashcards
When was the Industrial Revolution?
Late 18th century and early 19th century.
What did the Industrial Revolution lead to?
Many enterprises and businesses setting up cotton mills, making it a booming industrial district.
During the industrial rev. What did network of canals and rivers allow?
Trade with cotton coming in from Liverpool (west) and coal from the Pennines (east); barges able to transport cargo.
During the industrial rev. What did the damp and wet climate ensure?
Allowed cotton to be stored and worked easily.
Why did the population increase from the 1820s?
Particularly from Ireland and rural regions of northern England, as people came for jobs in the cotton mills or other industries. In 1851, 45% of all men were Irish born
What did the Murray brothers set up?
Murray Mills cotton factory in 1797- one of the few remaining cotton buildings still standing
In the industrial rev. What was the housing like?
Densely packed rows of red brick terraced housing, 2-up-2-down, with cramped and squalid conditions, e.g. sanitary street. Used to house thousands of workers in nearby mills and factories.
During the Industrial Revolution, what were the effects of the industrial pollution?
Led to sooty, filthy, dirty environment with stained masonry (e.g. air pollution/smog as evidenced in lowrys paintings)
During the industrial rev. How was there a strong sense of place identity?
Tight-knit communities- generations of families and friends living and working together
When was de-industrialisation?
From WW1 onwards, and hit Ancoats hard. Many cotton mills found cheaper labour overseas.
Why were many buildings left derelict and abandoned?
Very few cotton mills were still open beyond 1960s.
What reputation did de-industrialisation cause for Ancoats?
Being an unsavoury part of Manchester, with high rates of deprivation, unemployment and crime. Known as the Red-Light district of Manchester
What did the Cardroom estate have a reputation of during de-industrialisation?
For high crime, joy-riding and high levels of deprivation. High levels of out-migration (10% decrease after 1970s) and 1/5 of all housing left empty.
What did Gentrification in Ancoats allow it to be recently dubbed as?
One of the coolest places to live in Europe
What did the Central Government urban regeneration funding help?
Construct 7 new ‘villages’ that were intended to ‘set the standard for 21st century living’
