CTEL 1 - Chapter 6: Lessons 1, 2, 3,4 Flashcards
What are the the structures, or components of language?
W
C
S
Words
Phrases and clauses
Sentences
What are the functions, or the underlying goals of language?
D D E C P P
Describe
‘The book on the table is thick, shiny, and blue!’
Define
‘Thick means it is fat or large.’
Explain
‘Sara is talking about that book because she is surprised how thick it is, and I asked her to describe it.’
Compare and contrast
‘That book is thicker than the one I am reading, but it looks just like another one I saw yesterday.’
Predict
‘I’ll bet that in another year, I’ll be able to read books that thick!’
Persuade
‘If you give that book a try in a few weeks, you might even find you like it a lot already.’
True or False?
Word choices and sentence structure influences the functions of language
True
the study of language and how it is affected by region, social class, relationship, and even gender - in other words, how language varies from person to person and culture to culture.
Sociolinguistics
means the study of culture, including cultural and social patterns of speech variation within a culture.
ethnography
4 variations of language or affects on language.
R
R
SC
G
region
social class
relationships
gender
Is the set of vocabulary that allows us to communicate with others in the context of regular daily conversations
SL
Social language
the set of specific terminology that pertains to specific subjects people usually learn in academic contexts.
academic language
Source: social is in daily conversation or personal writing; academic is in textbooks and for conferences.
Source: social is in daily conversation or personal writing; academic is in textbooks and for conferences.
Setting: social happens in regular daily scenarios; academic occurs at schools, universities, and work.
Setting: social happens in regular daily scenarios; academic occurs at schools, universities, and work.
Purpose: social is for social interaction; academic is for work or academic purposes.
Purpose: social is for social interaction; academic is for work or academic purposes.
Content: social can use slang and be repetitive; academic does not use slang and varies its terms.
Content: social can use slang and be repetitive; academic does not use slang and varies its terms.
At the beginner level of social language, for example, a speaker can understand and use simple everyday expressions to introduce oneself, ask and answer questions about locations, people, ownership of things.
With academic language, however, a beginner can understand expressions that are present in social language but has difficulty understanding or no knowledge of specialized terminology. In addition, they need assistance with specialized terminology, beginning with definitions of terms and further explanation of the whole context in simple words.
intermediate level of social language, a speaker can identify the main points of conversations about a specific topic; deal with matters that require opinion or suggestions; and describe experiences, situations, needs with a fair level of comfort when speaking/writing. They’re also likely to get others to say the exact word or expression needed for specific situations.
With academic language at the intermediate level, a speaker can understand a fair portion of specialized terminology and expressions while still finding lots of new words. They also need assistance with new terminology but might be able to make connections to previous academic language based on simple definitions of new vocabulary.
with the advanced level of social language, a speaker can understand a wide range of written and spoken language and feels comfortable with it. Speech sounds fluent and spontaneous, and writing uses appropriate grammar and conventions. They also progress toward the level of easily understanding all forms of language (written and spoken) and can produce language effortlessly and with accuracy.
Academically, advanced-level speakers can comfortably understand and easily use specialized terminology when needed in academic or work settings. They also progress toward producing high-quality speech and writing that uses specialized terminology, being able to express sophisticated ideas in a way that mirrors the language native speakers display.
