CT: bones and joints Flashcards
function of the skeleton
support, protection, movement, blood cell porduction, mineral storage, endocrine regulation
what is the axial skeleton
the main trunk of bones including skull spinal column and ribs
what is the appendicular skeleton
extremities of body aka the limbs
what is the cranium
consists of 22 bones which can be divided into 8 carnial bones and 14 facial, primary function is to protect brain and be a framework for the teeth
what is the spinal column
extends from skull to the pelvis, made of interconnected vertebrae, divided into cervical (7) thoracic (12) lumbar (5) sacrum (5 fused) coccyx (3-5 fused)
what is the thoracic cage
contains 12 pairs of ribs, ribs 1-7 are true 8-10 are false 11-12 are floating
what is the shoulder girdle and arms
clavicle, scapula then arms attached to shoulder girdle
what are the hands bones
8 carpal 5 metacarpal proximal middle and distal phalanges
what is the pelvic girdle and legs
2 bones which then attach to sacrum make pelvic ring where legs attach
what are flat bones
provide protection and provide large areas for muscle attachment - cranium
what are long bones
function to support weight of body and allow movement - appendicula skeleton
what are short bones
found in wrist and ankle and provide stability and allow some movement
what are irregular bones
fairly complex shape, may protect a organ such as pelvis or spine
what are sesamoid bones
imbedded in tendons generally in hands knees feet, protect tendons from stress
what is ossesus tissue
made of collagen and hard minerals (calcium ,magnesium ,phosphate)
what is spongy bone
light, kind of brittle, efficient, layer in trabeculae
what is compact bone
dense and tough, for withstanding impact, outside of bone
what are osteoblasts
create bones, found at site of fracture and end of bones
what are osteoclasts
break down bones, remodeling of bones, aid bonus shape in forming
what are osteocytes
mature bone cells, maintain bone tissue, monitor
what is osteogenisis
development of bone tissue, begins before we are born but continues into our 21st year
what is wolffs law
bones can adapt to forces it experiences by varying amount of bone tissue
what is syntharthroses
immovable joint
what is amphiarthroses
slightly movable joint
