CSI FINAL

Question 1

Lividity

Answer 1

pooling of blood in lowest parts of the body due to gravity after death

Question 2

Rigor Mortis

Answer 2

stiffening of muscles after death

Question 3

Algor Mortis

Answer 3

cooling of body post-mortem

Question 4

Livor Mortis

Answer 4

discoloration caused by blood settling in body

Question 5

purpose of fire investigation

Answer 5

determine origin and cause of fire

Question 6

Problems with fire investigations

Answer 6

potential contamination, destruction of evidence, and hazards like structural instability

Question 7

What to identify at fire scene

Answer 7

• V patterns from smoke, soot, flames
• burn intensity and directionality
• presence of accelerants

Question 8

What to include in a diagram

Answer 8

• measurements and scale
• evidence locations and landmarks
• north direction indicator
• labels and legend

Question 9

when to create sketches

Answer 9

• after initial observation
• when documenting evidence placement

Question 10

benefits of crime scene photography

Answer 10

• creates permanent record
• provides details for reconstruction

Question 11

problems with crime scene photography

Answer 11

• lighting issues
• camera malfunctions
• misorientation or confusion in photos

Question 12

forms of documentation

Answer 12

notes, photos, sketches, reports

Question 13

when establishing perimeter at scene

Answer 13

• locate furthest evidence
• identify primary and secondary scenes
• block suspect’s access points
• preserve perpetrator’s movement trail

Question 14

what are ballistics

Answer 14

• casings, GSR, rifling marks
• used to analyze bullet markings, ejector and firing pin impressions

Question 15

issues with crime scene integrity

Answer 15

• contamination of evidence
• poor documentation or chain of custody breaches

Question 16

Scientific Method

Answer 16

apply a systematic approach:
- observe, hypothesize, test, analyze, and conclude

Question 17

Crime Scene Processing Methodology

Answer 17

1. assessing scene
2. observing
3. documenting
4. searching
5. collecting evidence
6. analyzing

Question 18

duties of first responding officer

Answer 18

• secure scene
• provide medical assistance if necessary
• preserve evidence
• establish perimeter

Question 19

bloodstain patterns

Answer 19

directionality (tail of bloodstain), spatter, castoff

Question 20

How to measure bloodstain

Answer 20

angle of impact: inverse sin (width divided by length)

Question 21

fingerprinting considerations

Answer 21

surface type: smooth, porous, nonporous
techniques: dusting, chemical treatments (ninhydrin, superglue fuming)

Question 22

photographing body

Answer 22

position, injuries, surroundings, move after thorough documentation

Question 23

Dealing with buried remains

Answer 23

1. establish perimeter
2. document scene before digging
3. carefully remove dirt in layers
4. screen all soil for evidence

Question 24

types of bloodstains

Answer 24

• passive (drops, pools)
• transfer (smears, swipes)
• spatter (impact, castoff)

Question 25

crime scene reconstruction involves

Answer 25

• linking evidence to actions
• determining sequence of events

Question 26

personal protective equipment

Answer 26

goggles, gloves, hazmat suit

Question 27

crime scene search patterns

Answer 27

circle, grid, line, zone

Question 28

impression evidence

Answer 28

shoeprints, tire tracks

Question 29

types of DNA

Answer 29

mitochondrial (maternal lineage), Y-STR (paternal lineage), Nuclear DNA (unique profile)

Question 30

Locard’s Principle

Answer 30

• every contact leaves a trace
• prevent contamination during evidence collection

Question 31

when approaching a scene

Answer 31

1. secure area
2. observe and document initial conditions
3. protect evidence from contamination
4. begin systematic processing