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CSF Flashcards

1
Q

Third major body fluid

A

CSF

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2
Q

Who recognized CSF

A

Cotugno ( 1764)

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3
Q

It lines the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

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4
Q

T or F:
CSF is NOT an ultrafiltrate of plasma

A

True

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5
Q

3 layers of meninges

A

Dura mater– outer
Arachnoid space
Pia mater— inner

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6
Q

Latin word fo dura mater

A

Hard mother

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7
Q

Latin word for pia mater

A

Gentle mother

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8
Q

Spiderweb like layer

A

Arachnoid layer

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9
Q

It is where CSF flows

A

Subarachnoid space

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10
Q

It produces the CSF

A

Choroid plexuses

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11
Q

It reabsorbs CSF

A

Arachnoid villi/ granulation

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12
Q

How many mL of CSF fluid is produced every 1 hour

A

20 mL

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13
Q

Fxn of CSF

A

✓Supply nutrients
✓Remove metabolic wastes
✓Mechanical barrier to cushion the brain and spinal cord

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14
Q

A tight fitting juncture structure of endothelial cell that protects the brain from chemicals anf other substances

A

BBB

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15
Q

Normal value of CSF

A

Adult: 90-150 mL
Neonates: 10-60 mL

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16
Q

Normal color of CSF

A

Colorless

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17
Q

Normal VISCOSITY of CSF

A

Smae with water

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18
Q

Normal SG of CSF

A

1.006 to 1.008

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19
Q

Normal pH of CSF

A

7.30 to 7.45

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20
Q

Normal pressure of CSF

A

50 to 200 mm H2O

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21
Q

3 collection tubes for CSF

A

Tube 1: chemistry and Serology
Tube 2: microbiology
Tube 3: hematology and cell count

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22
Q

Sequence of tubes when there is ONLY 1 tube

A

Microbiology: tube 2
Hematology: tube 3
Chemistry: tube 1

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23
Q

Preservation of tubes for CSF

A

Tube 1: frozen
Tube 2: room temp
Tube 3: refrigerated

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24
Q

Presence of RBC degradation product

A

Xantochromic CSF

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25
Q

____ of WBCs disintegrates within 2hours therefore it must be preformed immediately

A

40%

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26
Q

T or F:
CSF collection tube for cell counts shoul be refrigerated

A

True

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27
Q

Routine performed on CSF

A

Wbc count

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28
Q

How to differentiate PMNs to mononuclear cells

A

3% glacial acetic acid with methylene blue

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29
Q

Normal value of WBC count

A

Adult: 0-5 wbc/uL
Neonates: 0-30 wbc/uL

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30
Q

Done only in cases of traumatic tap to correct total protein and wbc count

A

RBC cell count

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31
Q

How to calculate the RBC count

A

Total count- WBC count= RBC count

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32
Q

Diluent used for total cell count

A

Normal saline solution

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33
Q

May indicate presence of WBC , RBC, protein, or bacteria

A

Cloudy CSF

34
Q

May be due to subarachnoid hemorrhage or traumatic tap

A

Bloody CSF

35
Q

Reference csf glucost

36
Q

Blood glucose shoul be drawn

A

2 hrs prior to spinal tap

37
Q

Csf glucose and lactate is normal to

A

Viral meningitis

38
Q

Normal value of csf lactate

A

10-24 mg/dL

39
Q

It is produced form ammonia and alpha- ketoglutarate by the brain cells

A

Csf glutamine

40
Q

When there is an Excess ammonia in csf, use……

A

Indirect test

41
Q

Normal value for csf glutamine

A

8-18 mg/dL

42
Q

Elevated level of csf glutamine are associated with

A

Reye’s syndrome and hepatic ancephalopathy

43
Q

Indicates recent destruction of myelin sheath

A

Myelin basic protein

44
Q

Measurement use for myelin basic protein

A

Immunoassay techniques

45
Q

By measuring the amount myelin basic protein, it could monitor

A

Course of multiple sclerosis

46
Q

Detection of oligoclonal bands

A

Csf electrophoresis

47
Q

Total cell count uses

A

Normal saline (3% acetic acid with methylene blue)

48
Q

Dilution

A

Slightly hazy= 1:10
Hazy= 1:20

Slightly cloudy= 1:100
Cloudy slightly bloody= 1:200

Bloody turbid= 1:10,000

49
Q

Distribution of blood in traumatic tap and intracranial hemorrhage

A

TT: uneven
IH: even

50
Q

Clot formation in traumatic tap and intracranial hemorrhage

A

TT: pos
IH: neg

51
Q

Supernatant of traumatic tap and intracranial hemorrhage

A

TT: clear
IH: xanthochromic

52
Q

Erythrophages and D-dimer of traumatic tap and Intracranial hemorrhages

A

TT: neg
IH: pos

53
Q

The amount of blood decreases or clears progressively

A

Traumatic tap

54
Q

T or F:
In traumatic tap, the CSF clots

55
Q

T or F:
There is NO presence of hemosiderin in traumatic tap

56
Q

Addition of ______ to 0.1 mL of CSF can produce an adequate cell yield

A

30% albumin

57
Q

Key word for cytocentrifugation

58
Q

Normal wbc in csf

A

Lymphocyte and monocytes

59
Q

Term for thr in increase in number of normal cell in csf (abnormal condition)

A

Pleocytosis

60
Q

Most frequently performed chemical test

A

Csf protein

61
Q

Normal values of csf protein

A

15-45 mg/dL

62
Q

Major csf protein

63
Q

T or F:
Presence of TAU protein indicates true csf

64
Q

Reagent of choice because it will precipitate BOTH albumin ang globulin equally

65
Q

2 or more oligoclonal band in csf is valuable for

A

Multiple sclerosis

66
Q

Ohter neurologic disorder in csf electrophoresis

A

Multiple sclerosis
Neutrosyphilis
Encephalitis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome

[ MS NEG]

67
Q

Glutamine test is frequently requested fro px with

68
Q

It detects gram neg bacterial endotoxin

A

Lumulus lysate test

69
Q

Reagent of limulus lysate test

A

Blood of horseshoe crab

70
Q

Positive result in limulus lysate test

A

Clumping or clot formation

71
Q

Serologic test for detection of bacterial antigens

A

Latext agglutination and ELISA

72
Q

Recommended for detection of neurosyphilis

73
Q

Most common cause of false positive rxt in latex agglutination test is the interference of

A

Rheumatoid factor

74
Q

Formula of totat cell count

A

of counted cells x dilution factor

CD over AD

Sq counted x vol of 1sq

75
Q

Csf serum albumin index < 9 represents

A

Intact bbb

76
Q

Csf serum albumin index > 9 represents

A

Disrupted bbb

77
Q

IgG index of > 0.70 indicates

A

IgG production within the CNS

78
Q

Creatinine kinase of < 17 mg/mL predicts

79
Q

Capillary networks that form the CSF from plasma

A

Choroid plexus

80
Q

Csf serum albumin index evaluates

A

Integrity of BBB

Cm (10 decks)

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