CSD 155 LAB 5: Laryngeal Framework

Question 1

hyoid bone

Answer 1

• only laryngeal bone
• only free floating bone in the body (not attached to any other bone)
• located at the level of C3 (cervicle)
• horseshoe shaped
• function:
• -> support the root of the tongue
• -> support the larynx
• -> attachment site for many laryngeal muscles and ligaments
• parts:
• -> body/corpus
• -> greater horns/greater cornua - posteriorly directed & longer
• -> lesser horns/lesser cornua - front & towards, superiorly directed & smaller

Question 2

thyroid cartilage

Answer 2

• largest laryngeal cartilage
• the vocal folds and thyroid gland are located within the thyroid cartialge
  parts:
• thyroid lamina - large flat part
• laryngeal prominence - Adam’s apple, portion that projects anteriorly
• -> more prominent in males
• -> includes the thyroid notch
• thyroid angle: amount that it comes out
• superior horns/cornua: connects to hyoid bone superiorly
• inferior horns / cornua: attach to cricoid cartilage inferiorly spot they connect - cricothyroid joint
• –> one on each side

Question 3

cricoid cartilage

Answer 3

• ring shaped
  parts:
• cricoid lamina: large, flat posterior part
• arch: where it gets smaller in the front smaller anterior part
• lateral facets: where thyroid cartilage attaches –> cricothyroid
• superior facets: attachment point for arytenoid cartilage –> cricoarytenoid joint

Question 4

arytenoid cartilage

Answer 4

• paired
• attached to the superior surface of cricoid at the superior facets
  processes:
• apex - superior, attach to the corniculate cartilages
• muscular process: posterior, lateral, inferior part
• vocal process: anterior, medial inferior part
• -> vocal process moves lateral and superior during abduction to open the vocal folds
• -> vocal process moves medial and inferior during adduction to close the vocal folds

Question 5

cricoarytenoid joint

Answer 5

• saddle joint, rocking motion
• where arytenoids sit on cricoid. Produces a rocking motion when pulled by different muscles of the larymx. This rocking motion allows for the opening and closing of the vocal folds

Question 6

corniculate

Answer 6

• located at the apex of the arytenoid cartilages
• paired
• hook shaped

Question 7

cuneiform

Answer 7

• located with aryepiglottic folds to help support them

- rod shaped

Question 8

epiglottis

Answer 8

• located at the inner surface of the thyroid angle inferior to the thyroid notch
• leaf shaped
• closes to block off the trachea when we swallow
• valleculae - shape between root of tongue and epiglottis, residue may collect here during swallowing

Question 9

pyriform sinuses

Answer 9

deep channels bilateral to the epiglottis, bound laterally by the thyroid cartilage and medially by the aryepiglottic folds; directs food into the esophagus

Question 10

true vocal folds

Answer 10

• courses from the posterior surface of the thyroid lamina, near the thyroid angle, below the thyroid notch to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilge
• vibrate during normal phonation

Question 11

false vocal folds

Answer 11

• a second set of vocal folds located just superior to the true vocal folds
• DO NOT vibrate during normal phonation

Question 12

ventricle

Answer 12

groove between the true vocal folds and the false vocal folds

Question 13

laryngeal vestibule

Answer 13

superior opening to the larynx

Question 14

aryepiglottic folds

Answer 14

sides of the epiglottis to the apex of the arytenoids; help to close off the opening to the larynx from above by lowering the epiglottis

Question 15

mucous membrane

Answer 15

lines surfaces within the larynx

Question 16

conus elasticus

Answer 16

cone shaped membrane which runs from the vocal folds to the inferior border of the cricoid