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Non-Systems NPTE > Cryotherapy, Superficial Heat, and Hydrotherapy > Flashcards

Cryotherapy, Superficial Heat, and Hydrotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the therapeutic effect of using cryotherapy?

A
  • decreased blood flow to treatment area
  • decreased edema
  • decreased local temperature
  • decreased metabolic rate
  • decreased nerve conduction velocity
  • decreased tone
  • increased pain threshold
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2
Q

What are the indications of cryotherapy?

A
  • abnormal tone
  • acute or chronic pain
  • acute or subacute inflammation
  • bursitis
  • muscle spasm
  • musculoskeletal trauma
  • myofascial trigger points
  • tendonitis
  • tenosynovitis
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3
Q

What are the contraindications for cryotherapy?

A
  • cold intolerance
  • infection
  • over an area of compromised circulation
  • over regenerating peripheral nerves
  • PVD
  • Raynaud’s phenomenon
  • skin anesthesia
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4
Q

How big of an area can be covered in 5-10 minutes of an ice massage if done properly?

A

10cm by 15cm if using small, overlapping circles or strokes

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5
Q

How long should a cold pack be applied for?

How deep does the cold penetrate into the skin?

A

20 minutes but can be up to 30 minutes if the goal is spasticity reduction

About 2cm

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6
Q

How should skin appear immediately after a cold pack use?

A

red or dark pink

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7
Q

How cold should a cold bath be for cryotherapy?

How long should a distal extremity be in the cold bath?

A

55-64 degrees

15-20 minutes (the lower the temp the shorter the duration)

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8
Q

What is a cryo cuff?

A

a cold water circulating unit that combines the benefits of cold with compression

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9
Q

How does vapocoolant spray work?

How often can it be performed in a session

A

evaporation

can be used multiple times but the skin must be re-warmed in between uses

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10
Q

What is the main purpose for using vapocoolant spray?

A

Treating trigger points

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11
Q

What are the therapeutic effects of hydrotherapy?

A
  • decreased abnormal tone
  • increased blood flow
  • increased core temperature
  • pain relief
  • relaxation
  • vasodilation
  • wound debridement
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12
Q

What are the indications for hydrotherapy?

A
  • arthritis, burn car, or edema
  • decreased ROM or joint stiffness
  • muscle strain, pain, sprain, or spasms
  • wound care
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13
Q

What are the contraindications for hydrotherapy?

A
  • incontinence
  • advanced cardiopulmonary diseases
  • active bleeding
  • gangrene
  • maceration
  • PVD
  • renal infection or other severe infections
  • severe mental disorders
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14
Q

What property of water is based off of Archimede’s principle?

A

Bouyancy

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15
Q

What is the specific gravity of water? What is the gravity of an average person?

A

1.0
.974

thus average people float in water

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16
Q

What are the primary determinants of water motion?

A

speed, viscosity, and turbulence

17
Q

Which water tank should a patient who only wants to soak their legs use?

What if they want to soak their entire body?

A

Lowboy tank

Hubbard Tank

18
Q

What is the purpose of a therapeutic pool that is set at 32-79deg. ?

72-92 degrees?

92-96?

96-98?

99-104?

104+?

A

acute inflammation of distal extremities

exercise

wound care, spasticity

treatment of burns or cardiopulmonary compromised patients

pain management

chronic rheumatoid or osteoarthritis, increased ROM

19
Q

What is common procedure for performing a contrast bath intervention?

A
  • first have patient soak extremity in hot bath (104-106 degrees) for 3-4 minutes
  • then place extremity in cold bath (50-60) for one minute
  • Repeat for 25-30 minutes
20
Q

What are the therapeutic effects of superficial heat?

A
  • decreased muscle spasm
  • decreased tone
  • increased blood flow to the treatment area
  • increased collagen extensibility
  • increased local temp
  • increased metabolic rate
  • increased nerve conduction velocity
  • increased pain threshold
21
Q

What are the indication for superficial heat?

A
  • abnormal tone
  • decreased ROM
  • muscle guarding
  • muscle spasm
  • trigger points
  • subacute or chronic pain or inflammatory processes
22
Q

What are the contraindications for heat?

A
  • acute trauma
  • arterial disease
  • bleeding or hemorrhage
  • over a malignant area
  • PVD
  • thrombophlebitis
23
Q

How do hot packs transfer heat to the body?

A

Conduction

24
Q

What temperature are hotpacks stored?

A

between 158 and 167 degrees

25
Q

What is fluidotherapy?

A

superficial heat therapy that uses a container that circulates warm air and small cellulose particles to generate a dry heat via convection

26
Q

How soon should you check the skin of a patient that is using a heat pack?

A

Within the first 10 minutes because underlying skin should reach max temp by 6-8 minutes

27
Q

What type of heat transfer does a infrared lamp use?

A

Radiation

28
Q

What temperature shoud paraffin wax be applied at?

A

between 113 and 122

29
Q

What are the 3 types of paraffin application?

Explain each

A

Dip-Wrap: patient dips hand into wax, lets it cool and repeats 6-10 times then leaves it in place for 10-15 minutes

Dip Re-immersion: paraffin unit is turned off and hand is kept inside the unit (performed after initial 6-10 wraps) and hand stays there for 20 minutes

Paint Application: used for parts of the body that cannot be dipped in paraffin tank, paraffin is painted onto the area for 6-10 layers

30
Q

What is Conduction heat transfer?

What modalities transfer heat this way?

A

transfer of heat via direct contact

  • cold pack
  • cryo cuff
  • ice massage
  • hot pack
  • paraffin
31
Q

What is Convection heat transfer?

What modalities transfer heat this way?

A

water or air moving in a constant motion across the body

cold whirlpool
fluidotherapy
hot whirlpool

32
Q

What is Conversion heat transfer?

What modalities transfer heat this way?

A

When nonthermal energy is transformed into heat

Diathermy
Ultrasound

33
Q

What is Evaporation heat transfer?

What modalities transfer heat this way?

A

When liquid absorbs heat and turns into a vapor which pulls heat from the body

vapocoolant

34
Q

What is Radiation heat transfer?

What modalities transfer heat this way?

A

heat transfer from a source of high energy or heat to a source of low heat or energy without making contact

infrared lamp
laser
UV light

Non-Systems NPTE (25 decks)

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