Cryotherapy, Superficial Heat, and Hydrotherapy Flashcards
What is the therapeutic effect of using cryotherapy?
- decreased blood flow to treatment area
- decreased edema
- decreased local temperature
- decreased metabolic rate
- decreased nerve conduction velocity
- decreased tone
- increased pain threshold
What are the indications of cryotherapy?
- abnormal tone
- acute or chronic pain
- acute or subacute inflammation
- bursitis
- muscle spasm
- musculoskeletal trauma
- myofascial trigger points
- tendonitis
- tenosynovitis
What are the contraindications for cryotherapy?
- cold intolerance
- infection
- over an area of compromised circulation
- over regenerating peripheral nerves
- PVD
- Raynaud’s phenomenon
- skin anesthesia
How big of an area can be covered in 5-10 minutes of an ice massage if done properly?
10cm by 15cm if using small, overlapping circles or strokes
How long should a cold pack be applied for?
How deep does the cold penetrate into the skin?
20 minutes but can be up to 30 minutes if the goal is spasticity reduction
About 2cm
How should skin appear immediately after a cold pack use?
red or dark pink
How cold should a cold bath be for cryotherapy?
How long should a distal extremity be in the cold bath?
55-64 degrees
15-20 minutes (the lower the temp the shorter the duration)
What is a cryo cuff?
a cold water circulating unit that combines the benefits of cold with compression
How does vapocoolant spray work?
How often can it be performed in a session
evaporation
can be used multiple times but the skin must be re-warmed in between uses
What is the main purpose for using vapocoolant spray?
Treating trigger points
What are the therapeutic effects of hydrotherapy?
- decreased abnormal tone
- increased blood flow
- increased core temperature
- pain relief
- relaxation
- vasodilation
- wound debridement
What are the indications for hydrotherapy?
- arthritis, burn car, or edema
- decreased ROM or joint stiffness
- muscle strain, pain, sprain, or spasms
- wound care
What are the contraindications for hydrotherapy?
- incontinence
- advanced cardiopulmonary diseases
- active bleeding
- gangrene
- maceration
- PVD
- renal infection or other severe infections
- severe mental disorders
What property of water is based off of Archimede’s principle?
Bouyancy
What is the specific gravity of water? What is the gravity of an average person?
1.0
.974
thus average people float in water
What are the primary determinants of water motion?
speed, viscosity, and turbulence
Which water tank should a patient who only wants to soak their legs use?
What if they want to soak their entire body?
Lowboy tank
Hubbard Tank
What is the purpose of a therapeutic pool that is set at 32-79deg. ?
72-92 degrees?
92-96?
96-98?
99-104?
104+?
acute inflammation of distal extremities
exercise
wound care, spasticity
treatment of burns or cardiopulmonary compromised patients
pain management
chronic rheumatoid or osteoarthritis, increased ROM
What is common procedure for performing a contrast bath intervention?
- first have patient soak extremity in hot bath (104-106 degrees) for 3-4 minutes
- then place extremity in cold bath (50-60) for one minute
- Repeat for 25-30 minutes
What are the therapeutic effects of superficial heat?
- decreased muscle spasm
- decreased tone
- increased blood flow to the treatment area
- increased collagen extensibility
- increased local temp
- increased metabolic rate
- increased nerve conduction velocity
- increased pain threshold
What are the indication for superficial heat?
- abnormal tone
- decreased ROM
- muscle guarding
- muscle spasm
- trigger points
- subacute or chronic pain or inflammatory processes
What are the contraindications for heat?
- acute trauma
- arterial disease
- bleeding or hemorrhage
- over a malignant area
- PVD
- thrombophlebitis
How do hot packs transfer heat to the body?
Conduction
What temperature are hotpacks stored?
between 158 and 167 degrees
