Criticisms of TTM_West

Question 1

What were main criticisms by West (2005)

Answer 1

1. Model is flawed in most basic tenet “stage”
2. Boundaries between stages are arbitrary lines in the sand
3. Assumes individuals make stable and coherent plans - some people just stop!
4. Focuses on conscious decision making and planning processes, draws attention away from simple reward and punishments (important in habits
5. Model claims too much power
6. No convincing evidence moving individuals on a stage will promote long lasting behaviour at a later date
7. Argues too much research has been diverted to TTM at cost of potentially discovering better alternatives
8. West himself Does not offer up any alternative theory/model

Question 2

What were Godin et al (2004) and Kraft et al (1999) criticisms?

Answer 2

P and D suggested time frames to distinguish between contemplators and preparers but there is little empirical evidence to show they actually differ

Question 3

What is Godin et al (2004) and Sutton (1996) criticism?

Answer 3

Past behaviour has subsequently been found to be a powerful predictor of future change efforts. Questions usefulness of stages where readiness or intention are assumed to be key

Question 4

What is Budd and Rollnick (1996) and Sutton (2000) criticism?

Answer 4

Questioned validity of independent or discrete changes and suggested that a continuous variable to readiness would be better

Question 5

What is Marks et al (2000) criticism?

Answer 5

May not sufficiently address social aspects of much behaviour eg alcohol consumption

Question 6

What is Morrison and Bennett (2009) criticism?

Answer 6

Model doesn’t consider that some people may not have heard of a behaviour or issue because it is very “new”. Smart phone addiction for example. They suggest Weinstein (1988) Precautions adoption process model (PAPM) considers this issue.