CRIMINOLOGY 1 TO 3 Flashcards
1
Q
INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINOLOGY
A
2
Q
- The following are the characteristics of the Classical
School of Criminology; - The basis of criminal liability is human free-will and
the purpose of penalty is retribution - Man is essentially a moral creature with an absolute free-will to choose between right and wrong
- Criminals are distinguishable from non-criminals
because of their physical deviation - That every man is therefore responsible for his act
A. 1, 2, 3 are correct
B. 1, 3, 4 are correct
C. 2, 3, 4 are correct
D. 1, 2, 4 are correct
A
D. 1, 2, 4 are correct
3
Q
- The theory that sees a criminal as an underdog who initially does something which is out of the ordinary.
A
B. Labeling theory
4
Q
- An act creating the board of examiners for
criminologist in the Philippines and for other purposes.
A
A. R.A 6506
5
Q
- Cesare Lombroso focuses on biological while
Raffaele Garofalo on Psychological determinism of crime. How about Enrico Ferri?
A
b. Manifold causes
6
Q
- Raffaele Garofalo traced the roots of criminal
behavior not to physical features but to their
psychological equivalents, which he called
A
d. Moral anomalies
7
Q
- A criminology research on the links between the different types of crimes and criminals is referred to as crime ____.
A
c. typology
8
Q
- What is NOT an element of classical criminology?
a. The use of scientific method in explaining
phenomenon like criminal behavior.
b. Crime is attractive when it promises great benefits
with little effort.
c. People have free will to choose lawful solutions to
meet their needs or settle their problems
d. Crime may be controlled by the fear of punishment.
A
a. The use of scientific method in explaining
phenomenon like criminal behavior.
9
Q
- The return of a trait or reappearance of previous behavior after a period of absence.
A
a. Atavism
9
Q
- Any crime committed by individual from a lower
social class of society.
A
B. Blue-collar crime
10
Q
- Refers to the scientific study of crimes, criminals, and victims. It also deals with the prevention, and solution of crimes.
A
d. Criminology as defined by RA 11131
11
Q
- The people seeks pleasure and avoids pain is refers to?
A
B. Hedonism
12
Q
- Criminology changes as social condition changes. This means the progress of criminology is concordant with the advancement of other sciences that has been applied to it. This means that criminology is
A
A. Dynamic
13
Q
- What is the particular field of study in criminology when one is studying the causes of crime in a given geographical location?
A
D. Criminal etiology
14
Q
- He was considered as the Father of Classical school of Criminology.
A
C. Cesare Bonesana Marchese De Becarria
15
Q
- The Differential Association Theory provides a good illustration of a social learning approach perspective in Criminology Criminal behavior according to this theory is:
A
D. Learned and not inherited
16
Q
- Which idea does social positivism believe?
A
A. Crime is normal.
17
Q
- Which approach is applied when the government strategy on crime prevention is punishment and retribution of crime rather than the rehabilitation of offender?
A
B. Classical
18
Q
- What academic discipline uses scientific method to study the nature, extent, cause, and control of criminal behavior?
A
C. Criminology
19
Q
- In the Philippines, there were 8,500 homicide
incidents reported to the authorities in 2019 that the population of the country is 105,000,000, what is the crime rate for homicide in the same year?
A
A. 8.095
20
Q
- Which sub-areas constitute the discipline of
criminology that utilizes scientific methods to assess the effectiveness of crime control and offender treatment programs?
A
A. Penology and Social Control
21
Q
- The study of criminology involves several
disciplines. Which is the objective of Criminology?
a. The determination of the origin of law, measure the forces that can change laws and society
b. The study of the agencies of social control (police, courts and corrections) that prosecute convict, and treat criminal offenders
c. The development of general and verified principles regarding the process of law, crime, and treatment or prevention
d. The study of systematic set of interrelated
statements or principles that explain aspect of social life.
A
c. The development of general and verified principles
regarding the process of law, crime, and treatment or
prevention
22
Q
- Which of these typologies of killer murder a
numerous number of people overtime and seek to escape out of detection?
A
A. Serial
23
Q
- What is NOT a ground for the revocation of
certificate of registration of a licensed criminologist?
A
B. Administrative sanctions
24
24. As defined by RA 11131, which of the following describes a criminologist?
A. a natural person who holds a valid certificate of registration and an updated professional identification card as criminologist
25
25. The mass of precepts which determines and
regulates those relations of assistance, authority and obedience existing among members of a family as well as among members of society for the protection of private interests.
c. Civil Law
26
26. What is Republic Act 11131?
C. A law that repeal the Republic Act 6506
27
27. Which is not a qualifications for the board
examiners (the Chairperson and its members) under RA 11131?
A. Must be a naturalized-born Filipino citizens and a
resident of the Philippines;
28
28. Under the Philippine Criminology Profession Act of 2018, the following are the qualifications for Criminology Licensure Examination, which is NOT?
A. Must be a citizen of the Philippines or a foreign citizen whose country/state has reciprocity with the Philippines in the practice of criminology
b. Must be of good moral character, good reputation and of sound mind and body certified by the school where he/she graduated and the barangay where he/she lives, unless the examinee is a foreign national a certification from any professional of good standing
will do.
c. Must hold a bachelor’s degree in criminology duly accredited by the CHED and conferred by a
school/college/university duly authorized by the
government or its equivalent degree obtained by either Filipino or foreign citizen from an institution of learning in a foreign country/state;
d. That those who failed three times whether
consecutive or cumulative in the CLE present a
certification of refresher from a reputable institution duly recognized by the CHED.
d. That those who failed three times whether
consecutive or cumulative in the CLE present a
certification of refresher from a reputable institution
duly recognized by the CHED.
29
29. Criminology is also related to the study of
______________ behaviors or those actions that
depart from social norms, values, beliefs, and customs.
A. deviant
30
30. It assumes that all human actions are calculated in accordance with their likelihood of bringing happiness (pleasure) or unhappiness (pain), what is this?
A. Utilitarianism
31
31. He reasoned that if prevention was the purpose of punishment, and if punishment became too costly by creating more harm than good, then penalties needed to be set just a bit in excess of the pleasure one might derive from committing a crime, and no higher.
A. Jeremy Bentham
32
32. Known as the “Mother of Criminals”.
C. Ada Juke
33
33. Crime is caused by the rational effort of man to augment his pleasure and to minimize his pains is a notion coming from:
B. Classical school
34
34. This theory suggests that people break the law because they are not sufficiently governed by the social norms and mores of society.
B. Anomie theory
34
35. The following are considered practices of the
Criminology profession in other countries. EXCEPT
A. a field under the social science
B. research-based profession
C. a field under behavioral science
D. a profession under the Criminal Justice umbrella
D. a profession under the Criminal Justice umbrella
35
36. What theory focuses on the genetic factors as causes of crime?
C. Biological
36
37. Amie travelled to a place where the inhabitants have a culture different from his own. This causes communication gap and misunderstanding between him and the residents of the place. As a result, Amie
can be an easy victim of a crime. Which refers to the status of Amie?
A. Immigrant
37
38. Which of the following explains the biological and psychological theories of crime?
C. The physical characteristics and mental qualities of man are conducive to criminality.
38
39. The findings of Registered criminologists can very well get an innocent man free or convict those who are guilty. Which is NOT a criterion that must guide criminologist in the formulation of their findings?
A. It must conform with the goals and objectives of the
prosecution.
39
40. It is easily duped because his or her motivation for easy gain lowers his or her natural tendency to be suspicious.
a. Greedy Type
40
41. Refers to a type of victim attacked from the target of his or her abuse, such as with battered women.
C. Tormentor Type
41
42. In a certain geographical location where all
residents are exposed to hazardous environment (i.e., informal settlers) located near polluted industrial sites, the likelihood that children born there may be inclined
to criminal activities. Which explains criminal acts are caused by environmental pollutants?
C. Biochemical
42
43. A famous movie plot is for the anti-hero to sow crime and discord in order for the human population to be reduced by murders. Those who survive must learn to be cohesive and law-abiding thus, improving social
integration and social regulation. Which of the
following embraces this idea?
B. Structural functionalism
43
44. This way of life is based on mutual help. When there is abundance all are fed, when food it scarce all are hungry. Furthermore, a person is subordinate to nature and becomes materialistic and selfish. Which is being referred to in this situation?
C. Communism
44
45. Which of the following DOES NOT characterize anomie?
A. It is the ability to adjust easily to changing norms.
B. It is a conflict within the norms itself.
C. It is the inability to adjust on changing norms.
D. It is the failure of the individuals to internalize the norms of the society.
A. It is the ability to adjust easily to changing norms.
45
46. What is the criminological approach that believes in the symbiotic relationship of man his behavior and his society as causes of crime?
C. Functionalist
46
47. Who is the professional in the forensic system qualified to moderate between the mental health and legal expert?
B. Clinical Criminology
47
48. Which factor in biopsychosocial study is related to the perfectionistic tendency that may trigger depression or aggression of man?
D. Psychological
48
49. Identify the criminal classification of Cesare
Lombroso that are not criminal born birth, and that they become criminal as a result some changes in their brains that interfere with their ability to distinguish between right and wrong.
C. Insane criminals
49
50. Freda Adler describes female criminality as both women’s liberation movement and new feminism. Taking into account Adler’s premise which of the following will be the trend of crimes committed by women?
B. Will be higher than male
50
51. The principle that events including criminal
behavior that has sufficient causes.
c. Determinism
51
54. What kind of development refers to the growth of the body?
D. Physical
51
53. In the psychological analysis of profiling female criminals, both Cyril Burt and Willer Bonger agree that females are less dominant than males. Generating from their ideas towards female criminality, which is NOT
included in this less dominant behavior?
D. Toughness
52
52. Which theory views that people become criminals when significant members of society brand them as such and they accept those labels as a personal identity?
D. Social Reaction
53
55. A psychopath is calloused, unemotional, and
morally deprived. Which is the central or cardinal feature of psychopaths?
C. Cunning ability
54
56. A bank robber who kills some individual in the bank, flees with hostages, and kills a number of people while in flight diving a chase would be an example of:
b. Spree Murder
55
57. These views suggest that males such as judges, police officers, and prosecutors tend to have traditional views on women thus, they are more lenient to them as compared to their male counterparts.
b. Chivalry Hypothesis
56
58. The following are the elements of the positivistic approach which stresses a scientific method rather than a philosophical orientation. EXCEPT___________.
A. Fitness of the punishment to the crime
B. Application of the scientific method
C. Discovery and diagnosis of pathology (sickness) that underlies the criminal’s actions.
D. Individual treatment (therapy or corrections)
A. Fitness of the punishment to the crime
56
59. Which is not included in the Gresham Sykes and David Matza`s techniques of neutralization?
A. Whether individuals will refrain from or commit a crime at any given time, it depends on the past, present, and anticipated future rewards and punishment of their action.
B. Denial of harm to the victim in which the assault is justified because the person harmed was also a criminal.
C. Denial of harm to anyone, such as defining stealing as “borrowing” or drug abuse as harming no one but the offender
D. Condemning the condemners, reversing the labeling process by claiming that authorities are more corrupt than the offender and are hypocritical as well
A. Whether individuals will refrain from or commit a crime at any given time, it depends on the past, present, and anticipated future rewards and punishment of their action.
57
60. The following are authorized to practice the
Criminology profession under RA 11131,
EXCEPT?________.
A. Holders of valid temporary/special permits issued by
the Board and the Commission to foreign licensed
criminologists pursuant to RA 11131
B. Duly registered criminologists and holders of valid
certificates of registration and valid professional
identification cards issued by the Board and the
Commission pursuant to RA 11131
C. Partnership duly registered with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) as professional
partnership pursuant to the Civil Code and composed
of partners one-third of whom are registered
criminologists
D. Single proprietorship whose owner and technical
staff are registered criminologists
C. Partnership duly registered with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) as professional
partnership pursuant to the Civil Code and composed
of partners one-third of whom are registered
criminologists
58
62. This school on crime causation emphasized
economic determinism and concentrated on the need for the quality among all citizens. They provided statistical data which claimed to show that variations in crime rates are associated with variations in economic conditions.
a. Cartographic School
58
61. It involves the measurement of facial
(physiognomy) and other body characteristics
(somatology) as indicative of human personality.
a. Physiology
59
63. The positivists maintained that crime as any other act is ______
b. natural phenomenon and is comparable to disaster or calamity.
60
64. According to the study of Lombroso, he noted that most women are not criminal, however, they are most often________
b. Occasional criminals
61
65. The return of a trait or reappearance of previous behavior after a period of absence.
a. ATAVISM
62
66. Criminal justice system is one of the various
systems operating in the society such as political
system, economic system, educational system, health care system, and others. The interplay of these systems taken together is known as _____.
C. Total social system
63
67. Lack of skill is _______.
b. Imprudence
64
68. What is this statement that confirms crime
correlates to society that affects almost all people?
D. Crime is pervasive
65
69. These are those traditional, illegal behaviors that most people think of as crime.
a. Conventional crime
66
70. Maria greeted Kardo upon meeting the latter at the inuman session”. Kardo feels that Maria has sexual feeling towards him because of the friendliness of the girl that’s why he raped her. Kardo is what type of rapist?
b. Meaning Stretchers
67
71. Identify the type of criminal psychic organization that ensembles a normal individual except that he identified himself with criminal prototype.
D. Normal
68
72. A single act constitutes two or more grave or less grave felonies are _________
a. Delito compuesto
69
73. Which of the following is true about the powers,
functions, duties and responsibilities of the Professional
Regulatory Board for Criminologist?
1. Issue, suspend, revoke or reinstate the certificate of
registration of the registered criminologist
2. Cancel temporary/special permit granted to foreign
criminologist
3. Receive complaints and decide the matter as to the
malpractices and unethical conduct in the practice of
the criminology profession
4. Monitor all colleges and universities offering
criminology program and recommend sanctions to the
CHED, for noncompliance with the policies, standards
and requirements.
A. 1,2,3 and 4
B. 1,3 and 4
C. 2,3 and 4
D. 1,2 and 3
A. 1,2,3 and 4
70
74. All but one are the objectives of the Philippine
Criminology Profession Act of 2018.
a. The examination, registration and licensure for
criminologists;
b. The participation in the standardization of the
criminology education program
c. To promulgate and adopt Code of Ethics and Code
of Good Governance for the practice of criminology;
d. The development of the professional competence of
criminologists through Continuing Professional
Development (CPD)
c. To promulgate and adopt Code of Ethics and Code of Good Governance for the practice of criminology;
71
75. It provides that only nationals of foreign countries in which the requirements for the licensure examination and/or registration and practice of criminology are substantially the same as those required and contemplated by the Philippine laws and regulations, and which laws and regulations allow Philippine citizens to practice criminology within the territory of such foreign countries shall be allowed to take the Philippine Criminologists licensure examination
b. Foreign Reciprocity
72
76. All but one are the qualification of the Chairperson and Members of the Board.
a. Must be a natural-born Filipino citizen and a resident
of the Philippines
b. Must be a graduate of Bachelor of Science in
Criminology, and a holder of a Post Graduate Degree
in Criminology
c. having at least two (2) years of practice in the
profession prior to the appointment including no less
than ten (10) years teaching experience of criminology
or law subjects
c. having at least two (2) years of practice in the
profession prior to the appointment including no less than ten (10) years teaching experience of criminology or law subjects
73
77. Jose and his fellow adolescents are living with economic difficulties and are engaged in some unlawful activities. Adjacent in their environment is a subdivision not regularly patrolled by policemen and "tanods" and
whose residents are mostly middle and upper class of the society whose houses are fully equipped with easily saleable items, fixtures and appliances. Applying the routine activity theory, which may aptly consider to Jose and his fellow adolescents?
A. Motivated offenders
74
78. Criminologists may equate the term "dark figure"
of crime as:
A. The number of unreported crimes.
75
79. Attempting to provide a scientific analysis of the causes of crime is a function of criminal etiology as one of the principal divisions of Criminology. What division
is treating youthful offenders?
D. Penology
76
80. On the basis of mental attitude, this refers to a person who commits crime because he/she is pushed to it or is induced by reward or promise without considering its consequences.
B. Passive Inadequate criminal
77
81. Racial discrimination is an example of which of the following theories on crime and delinquency?
D. Social Conflict
78
82. Which takes an additional meaning when used with reference to leisure – the one domain in which they have the opportunity to express their character through action?
C. Drift
79
83. Which describes traits of people who will often try to justify their faults often think that any criticism is directed at them; loves praises because it gives them temporary self-confidence; and they do not like
competition unless they are certain to win because it hurts them too much when they lose?
D. Inferiority complex
80
84. The Chairperson and each member shall, at the time of their appointment, must be a registered criminologist with a valid certificate of registration and a valid professional identification card, having at least
____ years of practice in the profession prior to the appointment.
d. 10
81
85. Which is not a function and consequence of crime in society according to Emile Durkheim?
A. Society becomes vigilant
B. It creates unity in the society
C. Disintegration and disunity of the society
D. Society decide what behavior must be prohibited
C. Disintegration and disunity of the society
82
86. Maria has a poor relationship with her parents, has no goals for the future, and participates in few extracurricular activities; hence, this can lead to deviance. Which theory explains assumption?
D. Social control
83
87. All of the following except one are the indicative of criminal tendency according to the Criminal anthropology of Cesare Lombroso.
B. measurement of the jaw
84
88. Which of the following encompasses the large mass of people, who are relatively uneducated and are without power?
A. Proletariat
85
89. Any crime committed by individual from a lower social class of society.
B. Blue-collar crime
86
90. What is/are the realm of Developmental
Psychology?
B. Nature-nurture
87
91. Criminal____ the study of milieu in relation to
criminality:
D. Epidemiology
88
92. A transmission of physical characteristics, mental traits, tendency to disease, etc. from parents to offspring.
A. Heredity
89
93. A defendant in a criminal case must have the
mental capacity to understand the charges against
him/her. Who is a competent defendant?
A. One who has been diagnosed with psychosis.
B. One who has poor performance on psychological
tests specifically designed to assess legally relevant
functional abilities of the defendants.
C. One who has been diagnosed with psychosis
D. One who has good performance on psychological
tests specifically designed to assess legally relevant
functional abilities of the defendants.
D. One who has good performance on psychological tests specifically designed to assess legally relevant functional abilities of the defendants.
90
94. Insanity is an abnormal mental or behavioral
pattern which is an exempting circumstance in a
criminal case aside from the insane who can
invoke exempting circumstances?
C. imbecile
91
95. Socrates held that virtue is a form of knowledge and that the cultivation of virtue is the most important human obligation. Which ethical tenets was developed by Socrates?
A. No man is deliberately corrupt and all evil activities
come from ignorance
92
96. Holds that low intelligence is genetically
determined and inherited. This was supported by Henry Goddard in his studies in 1920 that many institutionalized people were what he considered “feebleminded” and concluded that at least half of all juvenile delinquents were mentally defective.
A. Nature Theory
93
97. Aimed at making potential criminals fear the
consequences of crime showing that crime does not pay. It focuses on potential offenders and that these offenders must receive punishment in a severe, swift and certain way. It is also manifesting societal deterrence which aimed to target would be offenders. For example: imposing long prison sentences or in the
Philippines lifetime imprisonment for violent or heinous crimes.
B. General Deterrence
94
98. All of the following are the description of a criminal man according to Lombroso, Except one:
A. Symmetry of the Face
B. Excessive length of Arms
C. Abnormal Dentition
D. Defects of the Thorax
A. Symmetry of the Face
95
99. Ex post facto law is one of the constitutional rights of every Filipino people which means that, a person should not be put into jeopardy where there is no effective law forbidding the particular act, except:
A. the suspect was not yet arrested
B. the law is in favor to the offender
C. retroactive effect
D. all of these
A. the suspect was not yet arrested
96
100. This belief is true during the pagan age when any wrongful act of man is attributed to the will of evil. The statement is referring to:
B. Supernatural theory
97
THEORIES OF CRIME CAUSATION
98
1. What is this theory which holds that crime is a
function of the conflict between the goals people have and the means they can use to legally obtain them? It argues that it is the inability to obtain these goals, usually materials goals that trigger the commission of crimes because members of the lower class are unable
to achieve these goals which come easy for members of the upper class.
D. Strain theory
99
2. This explains that in crime causation, biology can affect psychology, which can affect social well-being, which can further affect biology, and so on.
d. The BIO-PSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL
100
3. A criminological theory that states that visible signs of crime, anti-social behavior, and civil disorder create an urban environment that encourages further crime
and disorder, including serious crimes.
D. Broken Windows Theory
101
4. In a certain geographical location where all residents are exposed to hazardous environment (i.e., informal settlers) located near polluted industrial sites, the likelihood that children born there may be inclined to
criminal activities. Which explains criminal acts are caused by environmental pollutants?
C. Biochemical
102
5. In the Communist Manifesto of Karl Marx, he
explained that society is divided into two classes the workers and capitalists. Which term did he use in describing the workers?
B. Proletariat
103
6. Pedro does not want to interact with the rich in his neighborhood and prefer to be associated with people possessing the same economics status as with him. In this situation a sub-culture is born that may produce disorganization in the youth as opposed to conventional and traditional values. This is a classic example of which theory?
D. Social Structure
104
7. How do biopsychosocial theories differ from
sociological theories of crime?
A. Both focus on one factor in explaining crime.
B. Biopsychosocial focuses on one factor while
sociological theory focuses on multi-factors.
C. Biopsychosocial covers the concept of biological, psychological, and sociological causes of crime while sociological is limited on the social, institutional, and environmental factors.
D. Biopsychosocial is limited to human factors while sociological focuses on social and environmental factors.
C. Biopsychosocial covers the concept of biological,
psychological, and sociological causes of crime while
sociological is limited on the social, institutional, and
environmental factors.
105
8. This crimes are those that the lower class commit against the upper class of society in a capitalist system
b. Crimes of Accommodation and Resistance
106
9. Youths who fail in both the criminal and conflict subcultures tend to go into other areas of delinquency and deviant behavior like drinking alcoholic liquor, smoking and drug addiction. This statement is consistent with which of the following?
B. retreatist subculture
107
10. It is the process by which individual reduce the frequency of their offending behavior as the age increases.
b. aging out
108
11. This theory contested the findings of Beccaria’s Free Will Study, stating that its absence among mentally retardate persons or those with some psychological imbalances and personality disorders or physical disabilities, could likewise lead to violation of laws thereby citing said theory as one of crime causation.
c. Neoclassical Criminology
109
12. This asserts that strong self-image protects the youth from the influence and pressure of criminogenic pulls (temperation) in his environment.
12. This asserts that strong self-image protects the youth from the influence and pressure of criminogenic pulls (temperation) in his environment.
110
13. This theory focuses on the development of high crime areas associated with the disintegration of conventional values caused by rapid industrialization, increased migration and urbanization.
c. Social Disorganization Theory
111
14. Which of the following choices does not relate to the characteristics of classical theory in criminal law?
A. The basis in criminal liability is human free will and the purpose of penalty is retribution
B. It has endeavored to establish a mechanical and direct proportion between crime and penalty
C. That man is essentially a moral creature with an absolutely free will to choose good and evil
D. That man is occasionally subdued by a strange and morbid phenomenon
D. That man is occasionally subdued by a strange and morbid phenomenon
112
15. Among the following statements, which best
describes the founding of Charles Goring after
analyzing 3,000 English convicts?
B. There is no such thing as anthropological criminal type
113
16. What criminological theory states that the external cranial characteristics dictates which areas of the brain control physical activity?
B. Phrenology
114
17. Hydraulic model is also referred to as _____ theory.
B. Psychodynamic
115
18. The following are explanations of the imitation theory of Gabriel Tarde, except ____.
A. When two behavior patterns clash, one may take the place of the other, as when guns largely replaced knives as murder weapons
B. Individual imitate others in proportion to the
intensity and frequency of their contacts
C. A breakdown of social order is a result of loss of standards and values and if plagued by anomie, disintegration and chaos replace social cohesion
D. Inferiors imitate superiors - that is, trends on from town to country and from upper to lower classes
C. A breakdown of social order is a result of loss of standards and values and if plagued by anomie, disintegration and chaos replace social cohesion
116
19. In human personality which of the following can differentiate reality from fantasy?
B. Ego
117
20. Which of the following is a Marxist criminology review, idea and philosophy?
A. Inequality and poverty turns people to crime,
including that exploiting of the powerless
B. Criminality is well within the rational choice of a man who is capable of thinking
C. Crime and criminality are by product of atavistic tendency in a society
D. Crime is absolutely caused by the free-will or man's own volition
A. Inequality and poverty turns people to crime,
including that exploiting of the powerless
118
21. Which theory states that juveniles sense a moral obligation to be bound by law wherein such bind between a person and the law remains in the place most of the time when it is not in place, delinquents will drift?
D. Neutralization theory
119
22. What is this THEORY puts the focus on the process of naming behaviors and the people that perform them.
D. Labeling
120
23. The develop sense of powerlessness which
increases levels of mistrust. Some residents become so suspicious of authority that they directly develop a _____. It often results in an expanding mistrust of
social institutions, including law enforcement,
business, government and schools.
c. Siege mentality
121
24. It is the most common response to middle-class rejection. He is not a chronic delinquent but may be a truant who engages in petty or status offenses, such as sex before marriage and recreational drug abuse.
a. The Corner Boy
122
25. This might include things like brain changes,
genetics, or functioning of major body organs, such as the liver, the kidneys, or even the motor system.
a. The “Bio” component
123
26. This theory identifies critical points in the life- course that produce crime; in childhood, family factors are critical; in adulthood, marital and job factors are key to show how crime is a developmental process that shift in direction over the life course.
b. Age-graded theory
124
27. This theory suggests that while most people age out of crime, small segments are not removed from a criminal path and continue crimes into adulthood.
d. Latent trait theory
125
28. A female student got pregnant in her third year of college and eventually stopped by her parents from going to school. After delivering the baby, the student had no intention anymore of going back to school instead she’s now more concerned on joining her friends wherever they go, letting her parents took care of her baby.
a. Life course theory
126
29. This theory claims that the cause of criminality originates with the onset of male supremacy and the efforts of males to control female sexuality.
a. Critical feminist
126
30. Which of the following is the true psychopath?
a. Secondary psychopath
b. Dyssocial psychopath
c. Neurotic
d. Primary psychopath
d. Primary psychopath
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31. Disoriented in the city life after evicted from their farms, Josh and his fellow farmer neighbors later on resorted on committing petty crimes in the city to survive in their new environment. What theory can best vdescribe this scenario?
b. Human ecology theory
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32. According to etymology of criminals, this person committed crime as a result of reacting to a situation or during a moment of anger or burst of feeling.
a. Acute criminal
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33. According to Social Bond Theory, it refers to the degree to which an individual cares about the opinions of others.
c. Attachment
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34. According to etymology of criminals, he is the one who committed a crime with intent or deliberated thinking.
c. Chronic criminal
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35. It refers to a group of beliefs or ideas that support
b. School of thought
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36. According to Social Bond Theory, it refers to an individual’s investment of energy ad emotion in conventional pursuits, such as getting good grades.
a. Commitment
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37. Phillip was about to rape a women when a thought
inside his head say “Don’t do it. It’s a sin”. Phillip
out of lust, still continued his act. What aspect of
human psyche is that voice?
b. Super ego
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38. The theory contends that a series of external social factors and internal qualities effectively insulate certain individuals from criminal involvement even when ecological variables induce others to engage in crime.
d. containment theory
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39. Bob is a timid young boy who keeps getting bullied for his cerebrotonic temperament. He always wanna feel belonged to a group but he doesn’t have the courage to join gangs or group in his school because of his fragile ego and body. What gang would mostly Bob belong?
d. Retreatist gang
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40. This theory states that a person can be criminal because of an undelying factor which involves the measurement of the bones in our body.
c. Criminal physical anthropology
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41. This theory states that criminal behavior is learned through socialization.
d. Differential Association Theory
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42. According to the Father of Psychoanalysis,
criminality is caused by the imbalance of the five
components of personality.
a. True
b. False
c. Yes
d. No
b. False
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43. Hulkugan is a person with an extra Y chromosome in his gene. Yet, he is law abiding citizen because he don’t want to disappoint his family, teachers, pastors, and acquaintances which he was well associated with.
What theory best describe this.
c. Social bond theory
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44. Is a theory that focuses on how children develop morality and moral reasoning.
b. MORAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY
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45. Early cognitive development involves processes based upon actions and later progresses to changes in mental operations.
d. Cognitive theory
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46. Simply having a parent with a history of antisocial behaviour or offending increases the risk of antisocial behaviour or offending in offspring across the life-course. The psychological factor of the child on the house is considered.
a. INTERGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION THEORY
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47. Theory stating that female offenders tends to cohabit with or get married with same male offenders with same self-reported antisocial behavior.
b. Phenotype assortment
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48. It develops itself from the pleasure and pain level and from the discovery that the behavior of the seat of psychic energy can have boring results.
a. ID
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49. Under the Criminological Enterprise, Theory of Construction refers to:
c. Predicting individual behavior. Understanding the cause of crime rates and trends.
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50. Which of them has the least chance to commit crime base on the theory of Llyod Ohlin?
a. Those who are in lower class because they have a lot of means to achieve their goals
b. Those who are in upper-class because they have the least means of achieving their goal
c. Those who are in upper-class because they are having a lot of means to achieve goals in life
d. Those who are in lower-class because they are
having a least source of their means to achieve goals in life.
c. Those who are in upper-class because they are
having a lot of means to achieve goals in life
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51. Mr. A was born in a criminal family, and he was always looking for pleasure in life, but do not take any risk and avoids pain. Mr. A is a great representation of a:
c. Hedonist
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52. This idea believes that becoming criminal is a
discovering occurrence in which potential felons master techniques that enables them to counterbalance conventional values and drift back and forth between illegitimate and conventional behavior.
a. Neutralization
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53. Marco, a famous painter, was once labeled as a delinquent person by his neighbor for being involved in vandalism when he was still a kid. What theory best describe Marco’s success?
b. Rational choice theory
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54. Edward, a 9 ft. jobless man, after learning the
technique of using lemon juice in hiding writings in a paper, taken his bath with a lemon juice and robbed a grocery store thinking he will be invincible too to the owner. He ended up in prison. What theory explain his act?
B. Low IQ theory
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55. This school of thought is focused on the
relationship between the powerful state, media and conservative ruling elite on the one hand, and the less powerful groups on the other. The powerful groups had the ability to become the 'significant other' in the less powerful groups' processes of generating meaning. The former could to some extent impose their meanings on the latter, and therefore they were able
to 'label' minor delinquent youngsters as criminal.
d. Symbolic Interactionism
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56. According to this theory, people strike a balance between being “all-deviant” and “all-conforming”. Behavior persists depending on the degree to which it was rewarded or punished
b. Differential Reinforcement Theory
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57. It is the mapping of crime and establishes
relationship between society and the physical
environment. It dominated in 1830-1880 in France and spread to England. The work based on social data of demographic information on population including its density, religion affiliation and wealth.
d. Cartographical school
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58. The theory argues that an area is safer when
people feel a sense of ownership and responsibility for that piece of a community. Newman asserts that the criminal is isolated because his turf is removed when each space in an area is owned and cared for by a
responsible party. If an intruder can sense a watchful community, he feels less secure committing his crime. The idea is that crime and delinquency can be controlled and mitigated through environmental design.
a. Defensible Space Theory
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59. Ernst Kretschmer was a German psychiatrist whobresearched the human constitution and established a typology. According to him, the essential characteristic of the asthenic type is?
a. A man with a middle-sized to tall man, with a superb chest, wide projecting shoulders
b. Characterized by the strong development of the musculature, skeleton, and also the skin.
c. There is deficiency in thickness combined with an average unlessened length. The deficiency is present in all parts of body: muscle, bone, neck, face, trunk, extremities, and in all the tissues skin.
d. Characterized by the peripheral development of the body cavities (breast, head, and stomach), and a tendency to a distribution of fat about the torso. They also have a more graceful construction of the motor apparatus.
c. There is deficiency in thickness combined with an
average unlessened length. The deficiency is present
in all parts of body: muscle, bone, neck, face, trunk,
extremities, and in all the tissues skin.
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60. A criminological theory introduced in a 1982 articleby social scientists James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling which emphasizes on the norm-setting and signaling effect of urban disorder and vandalism on additional crime and antisocial behavior. The theory states that maintaining and monitoring urban environments to prevent small crimes such as
vandalism, public drinking, and turnstilejumping helps to create an atmosphere of order and lawfulness, thereby preventing more serious crimes from happening.
b. Broken Window’s Theory
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61. Charles Goring contradicted Lombroso’s idea that criminals can be seen though features alone but he agreed that;
a. Tall thin men tends to commit forgery and fraud while heavy person commits rape
b. Man can rationalize wheter he is protected from hurt or destruction and uses it as determinant to obey or disobey societal rules.
c. Criminals are shorter and less in weight than non criminals
d. None of these
c. Criminals are shorter and less in weight than non
criminals
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62. Crime committed by women in office work who may not have the main power but can still carry out fraud or theft.
A. Pink collar crime
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