Criminal Inv-Chapter 7, Interviewing and Interrogations

Question 1

interview

Answer 1

person to person conversation for purpose of obtaining info about crime or its circumstances

Question 2

interview at crime scene designed to

Answer 2

elicit complete and accurate information . These types of interviews are nonstructured. Follow up interviews are more structured and designed to address specific areas of concern

Question 3

what percentage of interviews are informal and take place outside of an office setting

Answer 3

80 percent

Question 4

reverse transference or retroactive interference

Answer 4

when witness overhears other witnesses discussing their observations and then takes on some, if not all, of the info as his own

Question 5

rapport

Answer 5

developing harmonious relationship with another person.

Question 6

interview of witness- four steps process

Answer 6

1. basic open-ended questions- what happened, what did you see or hear. NO NOTE taking.(distraction)
2. witness repeat story. Now take notes. Address competency or credibility of witness
3. interviewer going over his notes with witness. Ensures accurate records of what witness said
4. thanking witness for cooperating-

Question 7

most people speak at a speed of how many word a minute

Answer 7

125 wordss

Question 8

what percentage of our conversation with one another is nonverbal

Answer 8

65 percent

Question 9

traditional methods of detecting deception during an interview succeed only ____percent of time

Answer 9

50 percent

Question 10

detecting deception is based on 4 critical domains

Answer 10

comfort/discomfort, emphasis, synchrony and perception management

Question 11

Comfort/discomfort

Answer 11

person level of comfort or discomfort is one of most important clues interviewers should focus on. ex. jiggling their feet, fidgeting, perspiration, breathing increase, rubbing the forehead, neck

Question 12

emphasis

Answer 12

to emphasize points, normally people incorporate various parts of their body. Liars, for most part, do not emphasize with nonverbals.

Question 13

synchrony

Answer 13

certain amount of harmony occurs in speech patterns, sitting style, general expressions. ex. I did not do it, while nodding their heads up and down, as if to say Yes, I did it.

Question 14

perception management

Answer 14

try to influence their intended targets of deception with verbal and nonverbal behavior designed t demonstrate the implausibility of their invovlement. ex: I could never hurt someone, Lying is beneath me. These are intended to influence the perception of the interviewer

Question 15

Neurolinguistic eye movement

Answer 15

direct link between brain activity and eye movement. This linkage useful in detecting deception. 90 percent of popu will move eyes left when recalling something they actually experienced. Same individuals will move eyes right when they are creating something in mind. 10 percent of pop are typically left-handed who simply reverse the movement.

Question 16

polygraphs three components

Answer 16

pneumograph- records respiration
galvanotgraph- records electrodermal response
cardiograph- records changes in pulse and blood pressure

Question 17

what is considered to be most reliable indicator of deception in polygraphs

Answer 17

Cardiograph

Question 18

the least dependable in polygraphs is

Answer 18

galvanic skin response GSR

Question 19

sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 19

when stimulated by reactions such as anger and fear, mobilizes the body and its resources for emergencies. subject cannot his his involuntary responses to a situation.

Question 20

The so-called peak-of-tension questions relate to

Answer 20

actual circumstances of the crime

Question 21

Frye v US

Answer 21

regarding the general acceptance of lie detection in court

Question 22

California legislature, in response to California Supreme Court banning testimony of witnesses who have been hypnotized to aid in recollection

Answer 22

enacted legislation that allow such a witness to testify under very limited circumstances. The substance of the prehypnotic memory of witness must be preserved in written, audiotape or videotape form prior to hypnosis session. Session must be recorded by licensed medical dr or psychologist experienced in use of hypnosis

Question 23

Cognitive interviewing

Answer 23

used to enhance witness ability to recall events. Witness ability to recall events in different sequences. Witness reinstating the context of an event invovling the witness recall all of his experiences before, during and after the event. Changing the sequence . Changing perspectives

Question 24

What are an excellent means of documenting the story told to the investigator by witness

Answer 24

Statements

Question 25

interrogation

Answer 25

the adversarial questioning of a suspect with the goal of soliciting an admission or confession of guilt.

Question 26

Brown v Mississippi,

Answer 26

Brown suspected of murder. Arrested and whipped until he confessed. Confession not voluntary

Question 27

Ward v Texas

Answer 27

suspect in murder. transported from county to county more than 100 miles from home for 3 days, not allowed to contact family, until finally confessed.
holding person incommunicado was coercive

Question 28

Fikes v Alabama 1957

Answer 28

held in solitary confinement for 10 days until he confessed. Coersive and involuntary confes

Question 29

Ashcraft v Tennessee 1944

Answer 29

def questioned for 36 straight hours until he confessed. coercive and involuntary confes

Question 30

Haley v Ohio 1948

Answer 30

questioning a 15 yr old from midnight to five in morning until he confessed was coercive

Question 31

Davis v North Carolina 1966

Answer 31

Def questioned once or twice a day for 16 straight days until he confessed. Coercive

Question 32

Mincey v Arizona, 1978

Answer 32

def in hospital after being shot by police. Detective questioned def for 4 hours until def confessed. Crt found def’s will was weakened by pain and shock, Confession not voluntary

Question 33

Townsend v Sain, 1963

Answer 33

suspect in robbery. suspect a heroin addict and during questioning, suspect exhibited symptoms of withdrawal. Det’s summons a doctor who gave suspect medication to alleviate the discomfort. Medication had the effect of truth serum and def confessed. Cr found def confession was not his free will. not voluntary

Question 34

Escobedo v Illinois, 1694

Answer 34

Def picked up for murder. while enrt to police station, Def requested to speak with attorney. Request denied. Attorny arrived at station and denied access to client. after 4 hrs of questioning , def confessed. Denied Asst to Counsel.

Question 35

two years after Escobedo, Miranda v Arizona

Answer 35

miranda rights

Question 36

emotional offender

Answer 36

person who experiences feelings of remorse and mental anguish as result of committing offense. Types of offenders here: homicides, rapes, physical assault, first time offenders.

Question 37

nonemotional offender

Answer 37

person who ordinarily does not experience a troubled conscience as result of commiting crime. This offender may have antisocial personality disorder or may be career criminal who perceives committing crimes as a business.

Question 38

most effective tactic to use on nonemotional offender is

Answer 38

factual analysis approach- appeals to suspects common sense and reasoning rather than emotions. designed to persuade the suspect that his guilt is established and the intelligent choice to make is tell the truth

Question 39

While establishing rapport, the investigator must make assessments regarding the potential witness’s _____ and _____

Answer 39

competency and credibility

Question 40

Clues to deception can be obtained from the suspect’s _____,_____ and ______ during the interviewing process

Answer 40

body language, demeanor and comfort level

Question 41

Most important clues interviewer should focus on when trying to establish veracity.

Answer 41

comfort and discomfort