Criminal Inv-Chapter 13, Dangerous Drugs Flashcards
possession defined
an immediate and exclusive possession under dominion and control with intent to excercise control
knowledge is a basic element of crimes related to illegal drugs.
means that knowledge of the character of the substance is essential to the offense of possession of narcotics
These are drugs that depress the central nervous system. they usually lead quickly to both psychological and physical dependence
narcotics
like narcotics, this drug cause both psychological and physical dependence, the the dependence develops more slowly. they are central nervous system depressants
sedatives
these drugs cause a rapid buildup of tolerance so that additional quantities are needed to achieve same stimulating effects. quickly leads to psychological dependence
stimulants.-amphetamines and methamphetaimines
these drugs cause sensory distortions and result in illusions and delusions
hallucinogens
morphine base to produce diacetylmorphine, when blended with hydrochloric acid, forms into salt, easily soluble in water. resembles sugar or flour. white to ivory, dull or brownish gray, to brown. administered intravenously.
heroin- 4 main characteristics
- kill pain, analgestic effect
- soporific agents, they induce drowsiness, lethargy and sleep.
- produce physical and psychological dependency.
- generate a sense of euphoria
derived from leaves of South America coco busy and sometimes from bushes in West Indies, Java, India an Ceylon. Alkaloid is extracted from leaves. treated with hydrochloric acid. white fluffy crystalline power.
cocaine: feeling of exhilaration and euphoria. administered by snorting. Cocaine also smoked in two forms
1. freebase- dissolved in ether and heated to boil off impurities. grounded up and smoked.
2. crack- known as hubb or rock, crack- soaking cocaine in baking soda an water. mixture heated until water driven off. resulting crystals are crushed, heated, and smoked in crack pipe.
marijuana or pot
leaves or flowering top of the female hemp plant (Cannabissativa, C. indica).
Crude marijuana- part leaves, top, stems and seeds
Manicured marijuan-smaller particles of leaves and tops. Stems and seeds are removed.
Fresh marijuan- dark green and turns brown.
Bricks of crude marijuana- 3 in by 5 in and weigh two pounds
approx how many different chemicals in marijuana
420
psychoactive agent in marijuana is
THC- delta-9tetrahydrocannabinal.
marijuan with 1% THC
wild or uncultivated
marijuana with 3% THC
proper cultivation
marijuana grown in Columbia or Hawaii may have how much THC
between 4 and 6 percent
a hybrid without seeds, may have 8 to 14 percent of THC
Sinsemilla
two derivatives of marijuana are
Hashish- resin of marijuana flower is dried and compressed to make hashish, THC 8-14 percent
Hash oil- Amber to dark brown, is produced by boiling hashish in alcohol. THC 15-50 percent
methamphetamine
known as speed, crank, meth. “poor mans cocaine”. Chronic user is known as tweaker. Injected meth causes a flash or rush. taken every 4 to 8 hrs , leads to a “run”- periold of wakefulness lasting 2 to 5 days.
purified form of methamphetamine smoked in a glass pipe
Ice- When ice is heated, crystalls melt and vaporize and vapor is inhaled by user. One gram of ice id enough for 10 to 25 hits. Ice last for 8 hours or more.
labs that produce all the illicit methamphetamines that conume in US
Clandestine laboratories. Law enforcement seize almost 4 thousand meth labs annually.
Super labs
can produe 100 to 200 pounds of meth in each production cycle, require large quantities of pseudoephedrine to operate.
80% of all meth sold in US is controlled by
Mexican drug traffickers
Lab operators knows as
cookers
each pound of meth produces an estimated of _____ of hazardous waste
5 to 6 pounds
americans consume over 22 tons of meth a year, this creates between how much of hazardous waste that is dumped
110 and 150 tons
cost of cleaning up a super lab site
as much as quarter of a million dollars
phencyclidine
street name; angel dust, dust and PCP. PCP will produce hallucinations and in some users, will evoke violent suicidal impulses.
semisynthetic drug derived from a fungus that contaminates rye bread.
Lysergic Acid Diethylamide or LSD- first synthesized in 1938, its psychoactive properties were discovered until 1943. Can produce hallucinations lasting 10 to 12 hrs.
ecstasy
methylenedioxymethamphetamine MDMA- developed in 1912, as appetite suppressant. Most produce in Europe. Usually consumed at “raves”, where user spends the night dancing to music.
Date rape drug; known as roofies; sleeping pill not licensed in US, legal in Europer, South America
Rohypnol
Drug selling orginizations
Mafia (La Cosa Nostra) crime families columbians jamaicans- posses asian- chinese, vietnamese, korean motorcycle gangs prison gangs street gangs
with roles in the sales-marketing pyramid
Mafia and Columbians are generally organized along family lines
sophisticated crime mobs dealing primarily in crack.
Jamaican “posses”
ruthless and extensive violence
in warrantless arrestes of possession of dangerous drugs or narcotics, investigator must act within the legal image of a
Reasonable person- Test is: would the facts from which the arresting officer acted warrant a person of reasonable caution to believe that a crime was committed.. Courts also take into consideration the officers expertise from training or experience .
Draper v United States
informant informed that Draper had gone to Chicago and would return by train with heroin. Description and bags description was provided. officer at train station had verified all of the informants info, except whether DRaper had accomplished his mission and had the heroin. The officer had “reasonable grounds” to believe that the remaining unverified bit of informants info- that Draper would have heroin.
search warrant needs
probable cause
___is the constitutional test of any warrantless search.
reasonableness
working off a beef
informants in these investigations are arrestees who have agreed to cooperate in revealing their suppliers in return for leniency
working-up investigations
working up the drug-selling marketing pyramid. Arrest is first made at the sales level of pyramid, then supplier of this dealer is arrested and onward and upward.
lateral snitching
informing only on drug sellers who are equal to or lower than themselves
corroborating the expected testimony of an accomplice witness against a major manufacturer, dealer or importe is more or less a
paper chase.
