crime - surveillance Flashcards
whats surveillance
monitoring of public behaviour for purposes such as population or crime control. involves observing ppls behaviour to gather data and typically gathering data to regulate or manage their behaviour
what are types of surveillance
cctv - estimated 1bill used worldwide (54% in china), databases, number plate recognitions, etc
foucalt (postmodernist) what does he say about surveillance
the few monitor the many - 2 types of surveillance:
-sovereign power
-disciplinary power
foucalt - whats sovereign power (discipline and punishment)
period before 19th century- monarch had absolute power over ppl and their bodies. control of behaviour was asserted through inflicting physical punishment on the body often done publicy (public executions)
foucalt - whats disciplinary power (discpline and punishment)
became dominant from 19th century when brutal punishment ceased due to barbarity, western society became more civilised. new discipline involved rehabilitation
what does foucalt say about surveillence today
new system governs not just the body but the mind & the soul - disciplinary power replaced sovereign bc surveillance is more effective way of controlling ppl
faucalt disciplinary power - whats the panopticon design
a prison where every prisoner in their cell is seen by the guard in the centre, but the guard isnt visible to the prisoners
what does the panopticon design lead to
prisoners don’t know when theyre being watched and think they may be watched, so they behave all the time as if they are
-Surveillance turns into self surveillance and discipline becomes self discipline
difference between soveregin & discplinary power
sovereign power seeks to simply Crush or violently repress offenders, disciplinary power involves intensively monitoring the individual with a view to rehabilitating them
what other insitutions use discplinary power
dispersal of discpipline - disciplinary power has reached other insitutions e.g mental asylums, schools, factories
what are positive evals of faucalt
useful for the modern era (electronic panopticon) social media is prime contemporary example
what are negative evals of faucalt
the shift from the powers is less clear than he lets on
goffman - not all under surveillance conform under control, ppl able to resist
cctv - panopticism may displace crime
whats synoptic surveillance (theories since faucalt)
mathiesen - faucalt only tells half the story in modern society, prev it was a top down approach (few monitored the many) now the many monitor the many, everyone monitors each other, even the few (synopticon)
how does thompson agree with mathiesen
powerful individuals now fear the media for exposing them & distributing damaging info abt them e.g partygate during lockdown
whats an example of public surveillence, everyone monitoring everyone
video cameras mounted on helmets, dashcams in cars. warn other road users theyr being monitored result them exercisin self-discipline
