Crime - green crime Flashcards
whats green crime
no one defenition as it differs between societies, but broad defenition- crime against the environment
whats primary green crime
south - environment itself is damaged e.g pollution
what are examples of primary crime
air pollution - fossil fuels, 2x many ppl die from air pollution than 20 yrs ago
deforestation - 1/5 of worlds tropical rainforest between 60-90s destroyed
water pollutions- 25m ppl die a year bc of no clean water
who are the criminals of primary crime
air pollution- gov, businesses & consumers
deforestation- state & those who profit from destruction like meat companies
water pollution- businesses dumping toxic waste & gov discharging untreated water into seas
whats secondary green crime
south - a crime that arises from flouting the rules that aim to prevent/regulate environmental disaster
whats an example of secondary crime - state violence
states condemn terrorism but use illegal methods themselves e.g french secret service blew up greenpeace ship that was there to prevent green crime like nuclear weapons testing
whats another example of secondary crime - hazardous waste & organised crime
disposal of toxic waste from chemical/nuclear industries is highly profitiable. businesses may dump waste illegally bc its cheaper. this is global naturally e.g tsunami washing up waste from european countries into somalia
secondary crime - why does disposing waste impact poorer countries (south)
existence of laws regulating disposal in developed countries gives companies an incentive to dump waste in poorer countries that are under-developed & so dont have the laws to make it illegal (environmental discrimination)
whats traditional green crime definition
situ & emmons - define environmental crime as an unauthorised act or omission that violates the law
whats the transgressive definition of crime
white - any action that harms the physical environment and any creatures within it, even if no law technically been broken
transgressive def - whats eco-centric
damahge to the environment is damage to other species as well as putting human race at risk in the future
transgressive def - whats anthropocentric
humans have the right to exploit the environment and other species for their own benefit
whats the global risk definition of crime
beck - due to technological advancements in late modern society, weve created human-manufactored risks that affect the globe e.g global warming
global risk - what caused the mozambique food riots in 2010
russia suffers wildfires bc of global warming which destroyed substantial parts of russias grain belts. this sudden shortage led russia to ban exportation of grain which inflated grain prices worldwide
global risk - what did russia banning exportation of grain lead to (mozambique riots)
mozambique, heavily dependant on food exports also experienced drought, seeing 30% rise in grain-based products. this sparked country-wide riots that resulted in fatalities & injuries
