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CPE Preparation > Crime & Punishment > Flashcards

Crime & Punishment Flashcards

1
Q

detention
e.g. Arbitrary arrests and detention without trial were common in the past.

A

the arrest or imprisonment of someone

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2
Q

incarceration/confinement

A

= detention

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3
Q

forfeiture
e.g. Because of gambling, he was deep in debt and facing the forfeiture of his property

A

the loss of property as a penalty for wrongdoing

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4
Q

seizure/confiscation/taking away

A

= forfeiture

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5
Q

forensic
e.g. Forensic experts have been searching the area for clues about the murderer.

A

related to scientific methods of solving crimes

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6
Q

judicial/magisterial/scientific

A

= forensic

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7
Q

suspect
e.g. The police were able to obtain a set of fingerprints from the suspect.

A

to think or believe that someone is guilty

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8
Q

offender/perpetrator/lawbreaker

A

= suspect

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9
Q

probation
e.g. He was found quilty of manslaughter and put on probation for 2 years.

A

a period of supervision over an offender

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10
Q

evaluation/appraisal/ assessment

A

= probation

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11
Q

plaintiff

A

a person who make a legal complaint against sb in the court

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12
Q

petitioner/appellant/prosecutor

A

= plaintiff

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13
Q

verdict
e.g. The lawyer suspected that the judge was bribed to arrive at a quilty verdict.

A

an official judgement made in court

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14
Q

resolution/punishment

A

= verdict

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15
Q

hearsay
e.g. The judgement of the copyright violation was based on hearsay rather than evidence

A

information, that is not sunstantiated, rumor

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16
Q

invalid/groundless

A

= hearsay

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17
Q

espionage
e.g. Espionage is a secret way if finding out what your enemy doesn`t want you to know.

A

secretly collection and reporting inf

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18
Q

assassination
e.g. The president travels with security so that no one can assassinate him from the crowd.

A

the murder of someone famous or important person.

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19
Q

delinquency
e.g. The research crearly demonstrates the link between juvenile delinquency and child abuse.

A

crimes, mostly commited by young people

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20
Q

defendant
e.g. The defendant hired an experienced lawyer to defend against plantiff`s accusations.

A

a person who is being sued or accused

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21
Q

deterrence

e.g. Many experrs argue that detterence is no longer the best way to prevent serious crimes.

A

preventing people from criminal behaviour

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22
Q

apprehend/detain

A

= arrest

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23
Q

incarcerate
e.g. Repeat offenders should be incarcerated for the protection of society.

A

put in prison

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24
Q

capital punishment
e.g. No society that calls itself “advanced” should practise capital punishment.

A

death penalty

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25
Q

manslaughter

A

the crime of killing a person when the killer did not intend to do it or cannot be responsible for his or her actions

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26
Q

white collar crime

A

crome connected with a work

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27
Q

embezzlement
e.g. They were arrested for embezzlement of company funds.

A

the crime of secretly taking money that is in your care or that belongs to an organization or business you work for

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28
Q

tax evasion

A

when ypu not pay taxes

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29
Q

tax evader

A
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30
Q

bribery (to bribe)

A

to give money illegaly

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31
Q

extortion

e.g. He was found guilty of obtaining the money by extortion.

A

when you take money forcefully or through threat

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32
Q

misdemeanors

A

small crimes

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33
Q

trespassing

A

entering without permission

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34
Q

abduction
e.g. Armed robbery and abduction have benn on the rise countrywide.

A

to take someobe away by force

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35
Q

blue collar crimes
e.g. White-collar crime is just as reprehensible as blue-collar crime and must be punished accordingly

A

crimes commited by an individual from a lower class

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36
Q

conspiracy
e.g. He was charged with conspirancy to commit criminal damage

A

secret plan to do sth unlawful

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37
Q

coercion
e.g. They cast their votes freely and without coercion on election day

A

to persuade someone forcefully

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38
Q

data breaches
e.g. Some major companies have been hacked and have had data breaches.

A

information is taken unlawfully

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39
Q

forgery
e.g. Expertd are dismissing claims that the painting is forgery,

A

an illegal copy of a document or painting

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40
Q

felony
e.g. Mike is preparing his defense against felony chatges of armed robbery and assault.

A

a serious crime such as armed robbery

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41
Q

hate crimes
e.g. Hate crimes will not be tolerated and will not go unpunished.

A

crime is done by someone who hates a group

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42
Q

hit and run
e.g. The pickup driver pleaded quilty to hit and run and manslaughter.

A

not stopping after an accident

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43
Q

homicide
e.g. The number of homicides in the city has risen sharply.

A

the killing of one person by another

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44
Q

libel
e.g. She threatened to sue the magazine for libel.

A

false statements for damaging a person`s reputation

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45
Q

looting
e.g. There were reports of widespread looting as hooligans stampeded through the city centre.
Synonyms

A

stealing from shops during a violent event

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46
Q

mugging
e.g. Police are concerned that mugging is on the increase.

A

an act of attacking someone and stealing their money

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47
Q

money laundering
e.g. Some transcations have repotedly involved money laundering.

A

process of conceiling the origin of money

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48
Q

mutilation
e.g. He admitted to the murder and mutilation of 16 young men.

A

damaging sth severily

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49
Q

perjury
e.g. This witness has commited perjury and no reliance can be placed on her evidence.

A

the crime of telling lies in court when you have promised to tell the truth

50
Q

polygamy
e.g. Abuse and coercion are only the most onvious dangers of polygamy.

A

a practice of marrying multiple spouces

51
Q

pilfering
e.g. The farmer caught the children pilfering apples from his orchard.

A

sreal things of small value

52
Q

racketeering
e.g. One of the government`s liasons with raketeering is partially documented.

A

making money through dishonest activities

53
Q

road rage
e.g. The governors immigration policy vauses road rage in New York.

A

angre behaviour exhibited by motorists

54
Q

riot
e.g. Food protests and riots have erupted in more than 30 countries.

A

noisy and violent public gathering

55
Q

slander
e.g. They were found guilty of slander against his employer.

A

a false spoken statement about someone that damages their reputation, or the making of such a statementa malicious statement harming one`s reputation

56
Q

sabotage
e.g. The terrorists were planning acts of sabotage to destabilize the nation.

A

destroying or damaging sth deliberately

57
Q

treason
e.g. Lots of Ukrainians from the East have commited a treason towards Ukraine.

A

the action of betraying sth or sb

58
Q

treachery
e.g. Selling military secrets is an unforgivable act of treachery.

A

behaviour in which someone is not loyal

59
Q

usury
e.g. Some Georgia lawmakers have been trying and failing for more than two decades to put title lenders under state banking regulation and usury laws.

A

lending money ad a high-interest rates

60
Q

go off the rails
e.g. He went off the rails in his first year at university. She went completely off the rails after her sister died.

A

to start behaving in a way that is not generally acceptable, especially dishonestly or illegally.

61
Q

indict: / ɪnˈdaɪt/
e.g. The senator was indicted for murder.She was indicted on charges of corruption.

A

to officially charge somebody with a crime

62
Q

count
e.g. They were found guilty on all counts. She appeared in court on three counts of fraud.

A

a crime that somebody is accused of committing

63
Q

custody
e.g. . After the riot, 32 people were taken into police custody. The police arrested him and took him into custody. He was remanded in custody, charged with the murder of a policeman.

A

he state of being in prison, especially while waiting for trial.

64
Q

remand somebody (+ adv./prep.)
e.g. The two men were charged with burglary and remanded in custody (= sent to prison until their trial.

A

to send somebody away from a court to wait for their trial which will take place at a later date

65
Q

grant bail
e.g. It was claimed the suspect might flee if he was granted bail.

A

to allow an accused person to be released until their trial after they pay bail

66
Q

be released/remanded on bail
e.g. She was remanded on bail

A

allowed to go free until the trial after leaving a sum of money with the court.

67
Q

skip/jump bail
e.g. I can’t afford to skip bail-I’d lose half a million. We were sure he’d jump bail but he finally showed up.

A

to fail to appear in court to answer to a charge after being released on bail.

68
Q

solicitor

A

a lawyer who prepares legal documents, for example for the sale of land or buildings, advises people on legal matters, and can speak for them in some courts of law.

69
Q

stand/ be on/ go on/ come to/ bring somebody to trial

A

to be on trial

70
Q

face/avoid/escape prosecution

A

the process of trying to prove in court that somebody is guilty of a crime

71
Q

prosecutor

A

a public official who charges somebody officially with a crime and prosecutes them in court

72
Q

hold/conduct/attend/adjourn a hearing

A

an official meeting at which the facts about a crime, complaint, etc. are presented to the person or group of people who will have to decide what action to take

73
Q

sit/stand/appear/be put/place somebody in the dock
e.g. He’s been in the dock (= on trial for a crime) several times already.

A

the part of a court where the person who has been accused of a crime stands or sits during a trial

74
Q

plead guilty/not guilty to a crime

A

to state in court that you are guilty or not guilty of a crime

75
Q

be called to/enter (British English) the witness box

A
76
Q

subpoena ( /səˈpiːnə/ ) a witness

A

somebody to attend court and give evidence as a witness.

77
Q

raise/ overrule (reject) an objection

A
78
Q

lodge an appeal

A

to make a formal statement about something to a public organization or authority

79
Q

community service

A

work helping people in the local community that somebody does without being paid, either because they want to, or because they have been ordered to by a court as a punishment.

80
Q

be/put somebody/spend X years on death row

A

the cells in a prison for prisoners who are waiting to be killed as punishment for a serious crime

81
Q

be granted/be denied/break (your) parole
e.g. To be eligible for parole. She was released on parole.

A

permission that is given to a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their sentence on condition that they behave well.

82
Q

battery

A

the crime of attacking somebody physically

83
Q

heist
e.g. a bank heist. It’s a tense thriller about a diamond heist that goes badly wrong.

A

an act of stealing something valuable from a shop/store or bank

84
Q

hold-up
e.g. a hold-up at the local supermarket

A

an act of stealing from a bank, etc. using a gun.

85
Q

joyriding

A

the crime of stealing a car and driving it for pleasure, usually in a fast and dangerous way

86
Q

abduct somebody
abductor/abductee/abduction

A

o take somebody away illegally, especially using force

87
Q

copyright infringement

A

piracy

88
Q

ponzi scheme

A

a plan for making money that involves encouraging people to invest by offering them a high rate of interest and using their money to pay earlier investors.

89
Q

conman

A

a man who tricks others into giving him money, etc

90
Q

con (confidence trick)
e.g. The so-called bargain was just a big con! He’s a real con artist (= a person who regularly cheats others).

A

a trick; an act of cheating somebody

91
Q

swindler

A

a person who cheats somebody in order to get something, especially money, from them

92
Q

misappropriation
e.g. He is accused of misappropriating money from the company’s pension fund.

A

he act of taking somebody else’s money or property for yourself, especially when they have trusted you to take care of it the misappropriation of funds

93
Q

protection racket

A

an extortion scheme whereby a powerful organization, most often a criminal organization or gang, coerces individuals or businesses to pay protection money which allegedly serves to purchase the organization’s “protection” services against various external threats.

94
Q

dox
e.g. I’ve been doxxed on a popular forum, by one of the moderators no less. The forum owner doesn’t care.

A

to publish personal details, home addresses and other information about people against their wishes, so they can be identified

95
Q

indecent exposure

A

the crime of showing your sexual organs to other people in a public place

96
Q

matricide

A

the crime of killing your mother; a person who is guilty of this crime

97
Q

fratricide

A

the crime of killing your brother or sister; a person who is guilty of this crime

98
Q

patricide

A

the crime of killing your father; a person who is guilty of this crime

99
Q

deter
e.g. I told him I wasn’t interested, but he wasn’t deterred.The high price of the service could deter people from seeking advice.

A

to make somebody decide not to do something or continue doing something, especially by making them understand the difficulties and unpleasant results of their actions.

100
Q

foil a bank raid/a terrorist plot.

A

to stop something from happening, especially something illegal; to prevent somebody from doing something.

101
Q

stash
e.g. a stash of money

A

an amount of something that is kept secretly

102
Q

culprit
e.g. The police quickly identified the real culprits.

A

a person who has done something wrong or against the law

103
Q

assailant /əˈseɪlənt/
e.g. The alleged assailants appeared in court.

A

a person who attacks somebody, especially physically

104
Q

crack something
e.g. After a year in this job I think I’ve got it cracked!

A

to find the solution to a problem

105
Q

skulduggery /skʌlˈdʌɡəri/
e.g. a tale of skulduggery and dirty dealings

A

dishonest behaviour or activities

106
Q

unveracious /vəˈreɪ.ʃəs/
e.g.

A

not tending to speak the truth

107
Q

loiter
e.g. She saw Mary loitering near the cloakrooms.

A

stand or wait around without apparent purpose

108
Q

linger
e.g. I lingered on in Atlanta for a few days, spending much of my time with an artist friend.

A

if you linger somewhere, you stay there for a longer time than is necessary, for example because you are enjoying yourself

109
Q

delinquent /dɪˈlɪŋkwənt/
e.g.an increase in juvenile delinquency. The boys drift into minor delinquencies while hanging around the streets.

A

a young person who shows a tendency to commit crimes

110
Q

lenient: /ˈliːniənt/
e.g. The judge was far too lenient with him.

A

not as strict as expected when punishing somebody or when making sure that rules are obeyed

111
Q
A
112
Q

to rat on

A

to inform an authority about the wrong or illegal actions of others

113
Q

to rat out

A

to inform an authority about the wrongdoings or crimes of others

114
Q

warrant

A

an order issued by a judge that authorizes the police to take specific actions

115
Q

plea

A

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

116
Q

pro bono

A

referring to a legal work that is done free of charge, often by a lawyer

117
Q

outlaw

A

a person who operates outside the boundaries of established rules and may engage in illegal activities

118
Q

magistrate

A

a person who acts as a judge in a law court and deals with minor offenses

119
Q

to condemn

A

to give a severe punishment to someone who has committed a major crime

120
Q

to acquit

A

to officially decide and declare in a law court that someone is not guilty of a crime

CPE Preparation (15 decks)

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