Creating An Environment For Student Learning

Question 1

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 1

One of the first behaviorist

Question 2

Ivan Pavlov coined the term

Answer 2

Classical Conditioning

Question 3

Classical Conditioning

Answer 3

program one stimulus to take over for another.

Question 4

The teacher blows a whistle in the classroom

Answer 4

unconditioned stimulus

Question 5

The students cover their ears in subsequently stop talking

Answer 5

Unconditioned response.

Question 6

Couple the teachers hand raised (conditioned stimulus) with using the whistle for a period of time and eventually the students will cover their ears and stop talking (conditioned response) with only the teacher’s raised hand

Answer 6

Putting it together

Question 7

Because children feel secure when they see a police officers uniform, they generalize that all uniforms make them feel safe.

Answer 7

Stimulus generalization

Question 8

The children realize that not all uniformed people are like police officers.

Answer 8

Discrimination

Question 9

The raised hand of the teacher no longer quiets the children.

Answer 9

Extinction

Question 10

Developed by Skinner

emphasized the consequences of behavior

Answer 10

Operant conditioning

Question 11

Two types of reinforcement exist:

Positive and negative

Answer 11

Operant conditioning

Question 12

increases rate of response:

giving a piece of candy to a student when they raise their hand instead of talking out of turn

Answer 12

Positive reinforcement.

Question 13

when stimulus is removed, the behavior strengthen:

a seat belt buzzer is an example of a negative reinforcement.

Answer 13

Negative reinforcement

Question 14

Food and Warer,

affect behavior without having to be learned

Answer 14

Primary reinforcers

Question 15

such as money acquire their power because of the primary reinforcers.

Answer 15

Generalized reinforcers

Question 16

Schedules of reinforcement are associated with the classroom because students need proper reinforcement to continue certain positive behaviors.

Answer 16

Reinforcement in the classroom

Question 17

Interval and Ratio

Answer 17

Two major categories

Question 18

The time reinforcement is preset

Answer 18

Fixed Interval

Question 19

As deadlines approach, student activity increases

Answer 19

Educational Implications of Fixed Interval

Question 20

Time between reinforcement varies

Answer 20

Variable Interval

Question 21

Steady activity results.

Answer 21

Educational Implications of Variable Interval

Question 22

Reinforcement depends on a definite number of responses.

Answer 22

Fixed Ratio

Question 23

After reinforcement, activity slows.

Answer 23

Educational Implications of Fixed Ratio

Question 24

The number of responses needed for reinforcement varies

Answer 24

Variable Ratio

Question 25

type or reinforcement show the greatest activity.

Answer 25

Educational Implications of Variable Ratio

Question 26

Lecturing, Drill and practice, and questioning.

Answer 26

Instructional methods for highly directive models of classroom management.

Question 27

Advocated by Lee Canter behaviorist model of classroom management that maintains teachers have the right to establish rules, require student compliance, and expect parental and administrative support.

Answer 27

Assertive Discipline

Question 28

a concept proposed by skinner | behavioral problems are defined and measured to determine antecedents(triggers), and consequences (reinforcers) .

Answer 28

Behavior Modification

Question 29

Punishement is an option in this model. | 3 types of acceptable punishments

Answer 29

Punishment

Question 30

Private and consistently applied reprimand

Answer 30

Acceptable Punishment

Question 31

Time outs remove the student from reinforcing situation

Answer 31

Acceptable Punishment

Question 32

Response Costs

Answer 32

Acceptable Punishment

Question 33

classroom management, democratic model.

Answer 33

Jacob Kounin and Rudolph Dreikurs

Question 34

Prevent the behaviors whether than dealing with it once it occurs.

Answer 34

Democratic Model

Question 35

applies to teachers who are consistently aware of what it is occurring in the classroom. Students typically respect teachers with with-it-ness

Answer 35

With-it-ness

Question 36

Tendency for teacher reprimands or praises to spread to students other than those for which they are intended.

Answer 36

Kounin: Ripple Effect

Question 37

logical consequences to misbehaviors instead of punishments

Answer 37

Dreikurs: Logical Consequences

Question 38

relate to the misconduct and seek to rectify the wrong. | Making students clean the room when they leave trash on the floor is an example of logical consequences.

Answer 38

Logical Consequences

Question 39

Wong's democratic model advocates a businesslike approach. Used in induction programs

Answer 39

Harry Wong

Question 40

Learning students names, explicitly teaching routines establishing simple list of rules complete with consequences for violation and rewards for compliance.

Answer 40

Combine to create an environment of security for students.

Question 41

most student centered and the least directive in the approach.

Answer 41

Humanistic Models of Classroom Management

Question 42

Carl Rogers advocated that student should have the freedom to learn.

Answer 42

Humanistic Models of Classroom Management

Question 43

According to rogers, the goal for students is self-discipline, and teachers, should be facilitators as opposed to directors.

Answer 43

Humanistic Models of Classroom Management

Question 44

Inquiry Learning Group Projects Self- Assessment

Answer 44

Rogers Model

Question 45

Rogers believed a list of rules would violate autonomy of the students.

Answer 45

Humanistic Models of Classroom Management

Question 46

``` Organizing the physical environment Creating Classroom Rules Consequences for misbehavior Rewards for rule compliance Creating classroom routines Transitions as routines Pnishment ```

Answer 46

Trends in Classroom Management

Question 47

positioning people: Students have a clear view of instructional information Teacher has a clear view of all students.

Answer 47

Organizing the physical environment

Question 48

Desks and seating: Desk are arranged facing the teacher so that he has the students attention Arrangement should facilitate activities after the first few days. Assign seating on the first day of school by displaying some kind of graphic.

Answer 48

Organizing the physical environment

Question 49

Posting on walls: Post rules with consequences and rewards Bulletin boards are attractive and readied for student work and instructional aids. Place daily assignments in a designated area for students to see Record past assignments on a calendar for references by students who were absent Display evacuation maps for fires or other procedures.

Answer 49

Organizing the physical environment

Question 50

Materials: Material such as pencil sharpeners, trash baskets, and books are located where they can be accessed. Materials that present distraction should be located where students cant continually see them.

Answer 50

Organizing the physical environment

Question 51

classroom rules should be in sync with existing school rules, posted on first day of school, parents should be made aware. Incorporate the students by having them provide justification for rule

Answer 51

Creating Classroom Rules

Question 52

Teacher validity is enhanced when the teacher initially assumes the role of instructional leader determining the rules. Presented in positive manner and limited to 3 to 5.

Answer 52

Creating Classroom Rules

Question 53

Rewards for compliance and consequences for noncompliance to the rules should be posted.

Answer 53

Creating Classroom Rules

Question 54

Stages of consequences for noncompliance should move from less to more severe. Should start with a warning In the event that the first step is ineffective, develop a contract.

Answer 54

Consequences for misbehavior

Question 55

Previous Infraction Desired Behavior Specific Rewards for following the desired behavior Specific consequences for continued misbehavior Students signature indicating understanding.

Answer 55

Contract should include

Question 56

Rewards for compliance

Answer 56

Rewards for following the rules are initially important to motivate students but become less important when student realizes the intrinsic satisfaction

Question 57

states that a preferred activity can be used as a positive reinforcer for a less frequent or less preferred activity.

Answer 57

Premack Principle

Question 58

Discipline is only necessary when the routines of the classroom are not clearly stated and followed.

Answer 58

Creating classroom routines

Question 59

determine necessary procedures. and routines before the students arrive.

Answer 59

The key to positive classroom management is

Question 60

``` Entering the room Exiting the room Asking Questions Handing in school work Sharpening pencils Going to the restroom Responding to an emergency drill Forming cooperative learning groups ```

Answer 60

Have students perform the following routines

Question 61

When students move from one activity to another Behavior problems are likely to occur during this time. Routines must be established for transitions to increase instructional time and decrease possible behavior problems.

Answer 61

Transitions as routines

Question 62

An activity that settles students attention is advised like a problem on the board or talking about the days events.

Answer 62

Transitions as routines

Question 63

Making students aware of the next assignment can lessen talking during transition times. Posting the activities in a location within the classroom helps.

Answer 63

Transitions as routines

Question 64

Punishment

Answer 64

Currently viewed as a result of ineffective classroom management.

Question 65

Punishment

Answer 65

Suppresses or weakens the behavior

Question 66

While elimination of the behavior may bring relief to the teacher, it tends to alienate the student from the teacher which undermines the learning process.

Answer 66

Punishment

Question 67

consequences for misbehavior must be established and shared with students at the beginning of the year

Answer 67

Prevent punishment from being counterproductive to learning

Question 68

Punishment should be applied consistently to similar misbehaviors.

Answer 68

Prevent punishment from being counterproductive to learning

Question 69

Punishment should be carried out privately so as not to provide a forum for attention or embarrass the students.

Answer 69

Prevent punishment from being counterproductive to learning

Question 70

Positive alternative behaviors should be suggested

Answer 70

Prevent punishment from being counterproductive to learning

Question 71

Time Out Response Cost Overcorrection

Answer 71

3 types of punishment used today

Question 72

punishment that excludes students from activities and positive consequences

Answer 72

Time out

Question 73

Punishment that involves the lost of a positive reinforcer.

Answer 73

Response Cost

Question 74

student receives consequences and also must display positive practices

Answer 74

Overcorrection