Cranium Blue Boxes Flashcards
Examples of complications of head injuries?
Hemorrhage, infection, and injury to the brain.
Most common symptom of head injury?
Disturbance in level of consciousness
How common are head injury deaths?
Almost 10% of all deaths in the US, with approximately half of all traumatic injury deaths involving the brain
What group is most prone to have head injuries?
Ages 15-24 (probs car accidents)
Headaches and facial pain probably mean…
Despite this, they could also indicate….
tension, fatigue, mild fever.
tumor, subarachnoid hemorrhage, meningitis
Describe neuralgias
Severe throbbing or stabbing pain in the course of a nerve caused by a demyelinating lesion. Ex. Facial Neuralgias.
Give examples of localized head pains.
Otalgia and Odontalgia
Why are the superciliary arches prone to cause injury?
The ridges are sharp and when they take a blow, skin laceration/bleeding is common.
What physical manifestation would you expect to see if a patient has bleeding around the superciliary arches.
Bruising/Bleeding of the tissue surrounding the orbit causes a buildup in the connective tissues around the eye, causing a black eye.
Alternate name for the zygomatic bone?
Malar Bone
What is malar flush?
Redness of the skin covering the zygomatic process associated with a rise in temperature in various fevers (ex. tuberculosis, systemic lupus erythematosus)
Le Fort classified what?
Types of Maxillary fractures.
A broken mandible will typically involve how many fractures?
Two on opposite sides of the mandible
Where is the opposite break of the mandible often found?
The neck/body of the mandible in the canine tooth region.
What type of mandible fracture it often a single break?
Factures of the coronoid process.
Fractures of the neck of the mandible are often associated with…
TMJ dislocation
A fracture of the angle of the mandible will probably involve the
bony socket of the 3rd molar
Fractures of the body of the mandible typically pass through….
the socket of a canine tooth
Cause of alveolar bone reabsorption?
Tooth Extraction
Describe the process following complete loss of teeth.
Tooth socket fill with bone, alveolar processes begin to resorb.
How can alveolar reabsorption cause mandibular problems?
Gradually, the mental foramen will be closer and closer the superior border of the mandible. This can cause the foramen to disappear and expose the nerves to injury. Pressure from a prosthesis can make this worse.
How does a loss of teeth influence facial shape?
Deep creases in the skin around the mouth, decreased vertical facial dimension, and mandibular overclosure (prognathism)
Hard blows to thin areas of the calveria are likely to form what?
Depressed Fractures – bone frag is depressed inward, compressing/injuring the brain.
What are linear calvarial fractures?
Most frequent type. Occur at point of impact, but with fracture lines radiating away in several directions.
