Craniofacial Muscles (Muscles of Facial Expression) Flashcards
Occipitalis
occipitalis: lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line; mastoid process
occipitalis: epicranial aponeurosis (Galea Aponeurotica)
occipitalis: draws scalp posteriorly
occipitalis: Posterior Auricular branch of VII
Frontalis
frontalis: epicranial aponeurosis at coronal suture
frontalis: dermis and superficial fascia of frontal region & eyebrow
frontalis: elevates the eyebrows & skin at the nasal root OR draws the forehead down
in wrinkles
frontalis: Temporal branches of VII
Temporoparietalis (variable)
temporalis fascia above auricle
lateral border of Galea aponeurotica
tenses the Galea
temporoparietalis: Temporal branches of VII
Anterior Auriculares
temporalis fascia and epicranial aponeurosis
anterior portion of medial helix
draws auricle forward and upward
Temporal branch of VII
Superior Auriculares
temporalis fascia and epicranial aponeurosis of VII
upper medial surface of auricle
elevates auricle
Posterior Auricular branch of VII
Posterior Auriculares
base of mastoid process
lower anterior surface of auricle/convexity of concha
retracts & elevates auricle
Posterior Auricular branch of VII
Corrugator supercilii
medial superciliary arch of frontal bone
dermis of medial eyebrow
draws eyebrows medially & inferiorly
Zygomatic and Temporal branches of VII
Procerus
fascia over lower nasal bone & upper lateral nasal cartilage
dermis between eyebrows
draws medial angle
of eyebrows medially towards bridge of nose
Temporal, Zygomatic, and Buccal branches of VII
Orbicularis oculi
ocular portion: multiple origins from nasal portion of frontal bone; frontal process of maxilla; medial palpebral ligament; arranged as a series of ellipses running from supero-medial to infero-medial; blending superiorly with frontalis and corrugator supercilii; inferiorly blending with levator labii superioris alequae nasi, levator labii superioris, and zygomaticus minor; laterally, blending with temporoparietalis portion of epicranius
ocular portion: dermis and superficial fascia or eyebrow
sphincter which narrows and closes the eyelids; draws eyelids slightly medially
Temporal, zygomatic and superior Buccal branches of VII
Nasalis: a.compressor naris
canine eminence of maxilla
with contralateral muscle into aponeurosis on nasal cartilage
compresses external nasal aperture
Superior Zygomatic and Buccal branches of VII
Nasalis: dilator naris
notch of maxilla over lateral incisor
alar cartilage
draws alae downward and laterally to flare nostrils & widen anterior nasal aperture
Zygomatic and Superior Buccal branches of VII
Nasalis: depressor septi
incisive fossa of maxilla deep to orbicularis oris
moblile portion of nasal septum and posterior ala
widens anterior nasal aperture
Zygomatic and Superior Buccal branches of VII
Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
upper frontal process of maxilla
medial slip into greater alar cartilage of nose and overlying dermis; lateral slip into portion of upper lip, blending with levator labii superioris and orbicularis oris
medial slip: dilates nares and modivies circum-
malar sulcus
lateral slip: raises and everts upper lip; raises and deepens nasolabial sulcus
Zygomatic and Buccal branches of VII
Levator labii superioris
lower rim of orbit
just above infraorbital foramen on maxilla and zygomatic
dermis of lateral 1⁄2 of upper lip between zygomaticus minor and #7
raises and everts upper lip & modifies nasolabial furrow
Zygomatic and Buccal branches of VII
Levator anguli oris (Caninus)
canine fossa of maxilla below infraorbital foramen
modiolus lateral to angle of the mouth; intermingles with orbicularis oris, depressor anguli oris & zygomaticus major
raises angle of mouth & deepens
nasolabial furrow
Zygomatic and Buccal branches of VII
Zygomaticus major
zygomatic portion of zygomatic arch
modiolus, lateral to angle of the mouth; dermis &mucosa of angle of mouth; intermingles with orbicularis oris, depressor anguli
oris & levator anguli oris
draws angle of mouth upward and laterally
Zygomatic and Buccal branches of VII
Risorius (variable)
fascia over masseter & parotid gland (and angle of mouth superficial to platsyma)
skin & mucosa at angle of mouth
weak elevator of angle of the mouth
zygomatic and buccal branches of VII
Zygomaticus minor
malar eminence just posterior to zygo- maticomaxillary suture
upper lip between zygomaticus major and levator
labii superioris
elevates upper lip, exposing maxillary teeth; assists in deepening nasolabial furrow
Zygomatic and Buccal branches of VII
Depressor labii inferioris (quadratus labii inferioris)
oblique line of mandible,
deep to depressor anguli oris
dermis & mucosa
of lower lip, blending with contralateral muscle & with orbicularis oris
draws lower lip downward & slightly laterally
Mandibular Marginal and lower Buccal branches of VI
Depressor anguli oris (traingularis)
linear origin from mental tubercle, along oblique line of mandible, continuous inferiorly with platysma; NOTE: some medial fibers may cross the midline, interlacing with contralateral muscle to form the transverses menti (mental sling).
modiolus, blending with orbicularis oris and risorius
draws angle of mouth downward; stretches and flattens buccolabial sulcus and deepens mentolabial sulcus
Mandibular Marginal and Lower Buccal branches of VII
Mentalis
incisive fossa of mandible
dermis of the chin
raises lower lip & soft tissue over mentum (active continuously, including sleep)
Mandibular Marginal branch of VII
Orbicularis oris
This muscle encircles the mouth; organized into 4 largely indepen- dent quadrants: upper left, upper right; lower left and lower right, each comprised of a large pars peripheralis and a smaller pars marginalis (= 8 segments); origin: modiolus
blends with numerous muscles: upper periph with buccinator & depressor anguli oris; lower periph with buccinator, levator anguli oris & super- ficial part of zygo- maticus major; marginal fibers interlace in midline with contralateral muscle
sphincter of mouth;
draws lips together, draws corners of lips inward & either purses lips or
draws them against
teeth
Lower Zygomatic, Buccal and Mandibular Marginal branches of VII
Buccinator
posterior alveolar process of maxilla
& mandible and superomedial surface of junction of body and ramus of mandible; pterygo- mandibular raphe
anterior fibers blend with depressor labii inferioris and depressor anguli oris.; both upper and lower fibers contribute to orbicularis oris but
do not decussate; continues to insert into dermis & mucosa of lips
flattens cheek against teeth to resist lodging of food/pooling of liquid between cheek and gum or expel air from oral cavity; also, retracts buccolabial mucosa from teeth during mastication
Buccal branch of VII.
Platysma
superficial fascia of antero-lateral neck
[mandibular portion: lower border of mandibular corpus labial portion: tissue of lateral 1⁄2 of lower lip between #13 and #14 modiolar portion: modiolus]
tenses superficial
fascia of antero-lateral neck; also: mandibular portion a weak depressor of the mandible &
labial portion a depressor of the lower lip
Cervical branch of VII