Cranial nerves Flashcards
how do you say tunnel vision because of how it happens
bitemporal hemianopia
what is the outside view called
temporal view
what is the inside view called
nasal view
which 3 cranial nerves motor innervate the eyes
3, IV, VI
occulomotor, trochlear (hooks back on itself like a pulley) , abducent
what are the 6 eye muscles
4 x rectus
2 x oblique (sup and inf)
which muscles does occulomotor innervate
sim rectus, inf oblique
AND levator palpabrae superioris
simriol (OcculoMOSTor)
which nerve innervates lateral rectus
abducent (abducts eye)
therefore, which nerve innervates superior oblique (think what it does)
trochlear (goes back on itself)
how do you test motor eye nerves
H test. Always go sideways then up and down
which 2 muscles work togetehr to elevate eye
sup rectus and inf oblique
which 2 muscles work togetehr to depress eye
inf rectus and sup oblique
which muscles move the eyes right and left
med and lat rectus
if III palsy, what do you see
droopy eyelid, dilated pupil, down and out pupil
what is a ciliary body
changes shape of lense. contracted near vision, relaxed, distant vision
what parasympathetic innervation does III provide
constrictor pupillae, cilliary bodies
how do you find trochlear nerve
only one at the back of brainstem
what do no cranial nerves have
sympathetic fibres
symptom of IV palsy
diplopia looking downwards - trouble with stairs
which bit of trigeminal has motor fibres, what do they innervate
mandibular - muscles of masticatino
does trigeminal mostly do
sensory, face ->DCML
what is the venous drainage in the skull
sinuses not veins
what is weird about cavernous venous sinus
has ICA and III, IV and V1 and V2 in it
where do the 3 eye motor nerves exit the skull
superior orbital fissure
where does trigeminal nerve exit the skull
Superior orbital fissure
foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
where does the facial nerve originate
pons
where does the facial nerve go
through internal acoustic meatus, temporal bone and then stylomastoid foramen
what does the facial nerve NOT innervate
anything in the ear
how can you tell the difference between Bell’s palsy and stroke
stroke = frontalis still works. Can move forrehead
what is parasympathetic ftn of trigeminal
lacrimal
which nerve is Bell’s palsy
facial
which motor ftn facial nerve
facial expression
which is the only nerve with 4 different fibres
glossopharyngeal
what random selection of things does glossoph do?
parasympathetic: parotid gland
motor: stylopharyngeus
general sensory: posterior 1/3 tongue, pharynx, carotid bodies/sinus
special sensory: posterior 1/3 tongue
what is nerve VIII
vestibulocochlear
what does vestibulocochlear do
only special sensory
where is hearing input
cochlea
where is balance input
semi-circular acoustic canals
where does vestibulocochlear emerge
internal acoustic meatus
where do 9,10, 11 appear from skull
jugular foramne
where does tongue point in hypoglossal palsy
towards damaged side
where does uvula point in vagus palsy
away from lesion
what is motor innervation of vagus
larynx, upper oesophagus (swallowing), soft palate, pharynx
what is gen sensory vagus
larynx
what vital function do you lose with vagus lesion
swallowing
what is XI
spinal accessory
what does XI do?
only motor. trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
test for XI lesion
shrug shoulders against resistance
where is XI?
between traps and SCM
where does XI originate
5 cervical vertebrae
symptoms of Horner’s syndrome
slight ptosis, anhydrosis, constricted pupil
what is Horner’s syndrom
loss of sympathetic innervation to the head
where does symp head innervation come from
thoracic area, goes up into head wrapped around ICA
where are sympathetic nerves
T1-L2
