cq2; elements to consider

Question 1

What are the elements to be considered when designing a training session?

Answer 1

• Health and safety considerations
• Providing an overview of the session to athletes (goal-specific)
• Warm up and cool down
• Skill instruction and practice
• Conditioning
• Evaluation

Question 2

Why is it important to take in consideration health and safety procedures?

Answer 2

Important since they help protect the wellbeing of athletes.

Question 3

What are protective factors for health and safety procedures?

Answer 3

• Environmental factors
• Protective equipment
• Regular checks of playing surface
• Communication on injuries
• Prevention of illnesses

Question 4

What are environmental factors that can influence safety?

Answer 4

Extreme heat, humidity, cold, wind and rain

Question 5

What are safety procedures for environmental conditions?

Answer 5

Athletes will need to wear appropriate clothing and in cold conditions, compression skins to help regulate body temp

Question 6

What is the use of protective equipment for health and safety?

Answer 6

Vital that athletes wear protective equipment to minimise the risk of injury (e.g. mouthguards, shinpads, shoulder pads and protective footwear)

Question 7

What would coaches and training staff need to check for playing surface?

Answer 7

• Potholes
• Exposed sprinkler heads
• Other dangerous objects that may be lying around

Question 8

Why is communication essential as a health and safety consideration?

Answer 8

Communication between athletes, coaches and rehabilitation staff is essential as it ensures that sessions are modified to meet the needs of the athlete considering factors such as injuries, fatigue and muscle soreness

Question 9

How can safe health practices be implemented to prevent illnesses?

Answer 9

Risks of colds/influenza can be minimised through safe health practices such as washing hands, not sharing drinks

Question 10

Why is providing and overview of the session to athletes essential?

Answer 10

Providing and overview is necessary and great coaches are effective communicators who provide clear explanations of the goals and expectations of the season or that session and ensure that players take ownership and feel part of the process.
- Helps to develop objectives and goals for the session so that the athletes have focus

Question 11

What do warm ups do?

Answer 11

Warm ups redistribute blood flow away from internal organs to muscles where oxygen and nutrients are required for muscle contractions → This increases muscle temperature allowing for safer stretching that avoids tearing and improves muscle response to stimuli.

Question 12

What is the benefit of warm ups and stretching?

Answer 12

Warm ups and stretching improve mental preparation, relaxing the athlete, building concentration and preventing anxiety induced injury.

Question 13

What should a typical warm up include?

Answer 13

1. General body warm up (e.g. jogging and skipping)
2. Static & PNF stretching to increase elasticity and muscular extensibility
3. Callisthenics to strengthen muscles and increase blood flow to skeletal muscles (e.g. squats)
4. Skill rehearsal to prepare for game readiness (e.g. dribbling for basketball)

Question 14

What is a cooldown?

Answer 14

The recovery period post-performance in which body temperature, circulation and respiratory rates return to pre-exercise state.

Question 15

What are the effects of a cool down?

Answer 15

• Prevent blood pooling
• Reduce lactic acid build up
• Aid in the dissipation of waste products
• Reduce potential for delayed onset of muscle soreness
• Reduce levels of adrenaline in blood

Question 16

How long do warm ups last for?

Answer 16

10-30 minutes depending on the athlete level

Question 17

What is skill instruction?

Answer 17

Brief, well timed, constructive, specific, clear, informative and demonstrable

Question 18

What instructions should be on skill instruction?

Answer 18

• Warm up/Cool down
• Stretching and flexibility
• Strategies and tactics
• Game plans

Question 19

What is the reason for effective skill instruction and practice?

Answer 19

Effective coaches must ensure that skill instruction and poractives is designed to ensure this purpose is being met

Question 20

What are coaches responsible for in skill instruction and practice?

Answer 20

Coaches are responsible fro providing clear instructions of sport skills and provide appropriate feedback
(e.g. if a soccer player is standing in the wrong position, the coach lets the player know whilst also keeping them motivated to improve)

Question 21

What are the features of skill practice?

Answer 21

• Main part of the session
• New/previously learnt sills are revised and practised using related drills
• When skills are learnt and being practised they need to start to mirror a game-like situation

Question 22

What is conditioning?

Answer 22

The development of fitness components necessary for the sport.

Question 23

When does conditioning usually occur?

Answer 23

• After a warm up
• Following individual skills and team play through ‘Supplementary training”

Question 24

What is a consideration for conditioning?

Answer 24

Work on fitness should not be overemphasised as it will fatigue players and adversely affect their concentration

Question 25

What MHR and for how long should it be for conditioning?

Answer 25

It is essential that during the fitness session the HR reaches training zone intensity (70-85% MHR) and remains there for at least 20 minutes.

Question 26

What should an evaluation encompass?

Answer 26

• Address performance outcomes (performance goals for the session and how well the goals were achieved)
• Address behavioural outcomes (e.g. punctuality)
• Reminder of the date, time and venue of the next event,training and a recheck of player availability
• Finally, an evaluation by the coach as preparation for future sessions.

Question 27

How can a coach evaluate their own performance?

Answer 27

Ask questions to themselves such as;
- Did the activities match the abilities of the group?
- What was the reaction of the group?
- How could the session be modified?