CPCR Flashcards
what percentage of dogs and cats do not survive CPA?
90%
what percentage of cats and dogs will survive CPA under anaesthesia?
47%
what does RECOVER stand for?
Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Rescusitation
what are the 2 key goals of the RECOVER guidelines?
develop evidence based guidelines for dogs and cats experiencing CPA
identify knowledge gaps or areas of CPA management that require further investigation
what are the 5 domains of the RECOVER guidelines?
preparedness and prevention basic life support advanced life support monitoring post cardiac arrest
what is involved in basic life support (BLS)?
recognition of CPA
chest compressions
ventilation
airway patancy
what is involved in advanced life support (ALS)?
vasopressor therapy
vagolytic therapy
electrocardioversion
correction of condition that lead to arrest
what is involved in the monitoring domain of the RECOVER guidelines?
diagnosis of CPA and conformation of ET tube presence
general monitoring of patient during CPR
what is involved in post cardiac arrest (PCA) care?
IVFT
O2 therapy
referral
how can you be prepared for CPA/CPR?
have equipment ready and know where it is (ask when arriving on placement)
have range of emergency drugs ready to use - and know what they do!
ensure staff are trained on what to do and protocols in place
how can CPA be identified in animals?
patient is unresponsive, apnoeic with no palpable pulses
when should CPCR be initiated in the anaesthetised animal?
if pulses/apex beat are lost
apnoea
what is a basic rule for beginning CPCR?
if CPA cannot be ruled out start CPCR
define CPCR
cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation
when CPA is suspected what should happen straight away?
compressions commence straight away with intubation and ventilation performed simultneously
what is the correct ventilation rate for patients?
10 breaths per min (one every 6 seconds)
how many compressions should be preformed every minute?
100 compressions (stayin’ alive) with time for chest to recoil between
how long should each cardiac compression cycle last?
2 mins and then compressor should swap
describe the correct cardiac compression technique
aim to compress the chest by one third to half of its width in lateral recumbancy
what position should animals be in during CPCR?
lateral recumbancy
what are the key roles of a tam involved in CPR?
lead 2 x cardiac compressions ventilation writer/notes runner
what can be used to identify correct placement of hands during CPR?
point of elbow when elbow extended against chest
where should the animal be positioned relative to you for compressions?
their back to your front
what compression technique should be used for large dogs?
both hands on top of each other
what compression technique should be used for small dogs and cats?
thumb and forefinger over thorax
where should the animal be placed to perform compressions?
non-slip surface
what position should you be in to give cardiac compressions?
using a step to raise yourself above patient and enable you to extend elbows to allow compressions to be generated through the whole body
why is ventilation of patients in CPA vital?
hypoxia and hypercapnia can reduce likelihood of return to normal rhythm
ventilation is vital in CPA that is not of cardiac origin (common in animals)
what can be used to ventilate patients?
breathing system with oxygen or anbu-bag
what monitoring aid can be used to help assess ventilation effectiveness?
capnography
what can be used to gain airway access for CPCR?
ET tube
tight fitted mask
what needs to be provided to the patient alongside compressions and ventilation during CPA?
drug therapy monitoring fluid therapy occular care warmth provision IV catheter placement
via what route may drugs be given during CPCR?
IV
endotracheal - using urinary catherter
if a patient goes into CPA during anaesthesia what additional step must be taken when arrest is identified?
turn off anaesthetic drugs
what is vital during CPR?
clear and concise record keeping and clear communication
what will be recorded during CPCR?
drugs, IV line placement, monitoring and timings
why is a debrief after CPCR so essential?
things may or may not go well
highly emotional and stressful situation
staff may feel guilt and blame
what can be discussed during a debrief?
what went well
what could’ve gone better
additional support needs
