Counselling Techniques TEST 2

Question 1

What does the acronym SOLER stand for?

Answer 1

S-Squarely face the client
O-Open posture (no crossing of arms and legs)
L-Lean forward, but not too close
E-Eye contact
R-Relax and be comfortable

Question 2

Physical Environment for an Interview

Answer 2

• Comfortable, have soft lighting, clean, quiet colors and free from distraction.
• Typically 2 chairs with a distance of 30-39” between psychologist and client depending on comfort zone.
• A desk is viewed as a barrier but may be used in the case of certain assessment/tests

Question 3

The purpose of a conducting clinical assessments according to the medical model

Answer 3

• To gather information enabling the clinician to determine a diagnosis.
• The diagnosis sets up a treatment plan which is expressed by treatment interventions.
• The results of the interventions are continually assessed as to whether or not client symptoms are reduced or relieved.

Question 4

A good assessment will cover the clients:

Answer 4

• internal thoughts and feelings
• coping, relevant past history and supports
• a competent assessment will include the client’s goal in seeking services.

Question 5

Principles of Effective Interviewing-Responses to Avoid

Answer 5

• Judgemental or Evaluative Statements (eg. Evaluating the thoughts, feelings, or actions of another; when we use such terms as good, bad, excellent, terrible, disgusting, disgraceful and stupid we make evaluative statements)
• Probing Statements (these demand more info than the interviewee wishes to voluntarily provide-however statements such as “tell me more” may be beneficial for withdrawn or highly anxious clients)
• False Reassurance
• Avoid hostile responses (unless testing to see how interviewee responds to anger)

Question 6

Principles of Effective Interviewing-Proper Attitude

Answer 6

• Good interviewing is actually more a matter of attitude than skill
  
  • Interpersonal Influence
  • Interpersonal Attraction
• Interpersonal Skills Include: Warmth, genuineness, acceptance, understanding, openness, honesty and fairness.

Question 7

Interpersonal Influence

Answer 7

-influence(the degree to which one person can influence another) is related to interpersonal attraction

Question 8

Interpersonal Attraction

Answer 8

-the degree to which people share a feeling of understanding, mutual respect, similarity and the like

Question 9

Principles of effective interviewing: Effective Responses

Answer 9

• Major principle of effective interviewing is keeping the interaction flowing; interviewer usually exerts a minimum amount of effort to keep the interaction flowing.
• ->Can use:
  1) verbatim playback = interviewer repeats the interviewee’s last response
  2) Paraphrasing
  3) Restatement
  4) Summarizing
  5) Clarifying and understanding (ie. asking open ended questions following an statement that shows understanding)
• Often the goal in therapeutic or diagnostic interviews is to get to know the interviewees as well as possible to understand them and predict their behavior.

Question 10

Open Ended Questions

Answer 10

• can facilitate flow in an interview; this type of question allows the interviewee to have the freedom to speak about what they feel is important.
• require interviewee to produce something spontaneously
• –>interviewee to recall something.

Question 11

Measuring Understanding

Answer 11

• ->Level-One Responses
  
  • Bear little/no relationship to the interviewee’s response
• ->Level-Two Responses
  
  • Communicates a superficial awareness of the meaning of a statement; this response never goes beyond the communicators limited perspective.
• ->Level-Three Responses
  
  • Interchangeable with the interviewee’s statement; minimum amount of responding that can help the interviewee. Examples: Paraphrasing, verbatim playback, clarification statements and restatements.
• ->Level-Four Responses
  
  • Responses provide empathy but also go beyond the statement given (adds noticeably to the interviewees response)
• ->Level-Five Responses
  
  • Interviewer adds “significantly”

Question 12

Active Listening

Answer 12

-a powerful response that involves actively understanding and listening.