COUNSELING (CHAP 5) Flashcards
a normal condition of all people and as a source of all human striving. Rather than being considered a sign of weakness or abnormality, inferiority feelings can bethewellspring of creativity. They motivate us to strive for mastery, success (superiority), andcompletion. We are driven to overcome our sense of inferiority and to strive for increasinglyhigher levels of development
Inferiority feelings
view the world from the client’s subjective frame of reference.
Phenomenological
Paying attention to the individual way in which people perceive their world;
includes the individual’s perceptions, thoughts, feelings, values, beliefs, convictions, andconclusions. Behavior is understood from the vantage point of this subjective perspective
“subjective reality”
Adler emphasized the unity and indivisibility of the person and stressed understanding thewhole person in the context of his or her life—how all dimensions of a person are interconnected components, and how all of these components are unified by the individual’s
movement toward a life goal.
Individual Psychology
- implies that we cannot be understood in parts; rather, all aspects of ourselvesmust be understood in relationship to the socially embedded contexts of family, culture, school, and work
Holistic concept
- the client is an integral part of a social system. There is more emphasis on interpersonal relationships than on the individual’s internal psychodynamics.
Holistic view of personality
refer to an imagined life goal that guides a person’s behavior. It shouldbenoted, however, that Adler ceased using this term and replaced it with “guiding self-ideal” and“goal of perfection” to account for our striving toward superiority or perfection.
Fictional finalism
- implies striving for greater competence, not only for oneself but for the common good of others
Striving for perfection
might be expressed in this way: “Only when I am perfect can I be secure” or “Only when I am important can I be accepted.” represents an individual’simage of a goal of perfection, for which he or she strives in any given situation
Guiding self-ideal
- life movement; “plan of life,” “style of life,” “strategy for living,” and “road mapof
life. ” often described as our perceptions regarding self, others, and the world, includes theconnecting themes and rules of interaction that give meaning to our actions.
It is the
characteristic way we think, act, feel, perceive, and live
“lifestyle”
refer to individuals’ awareness of beingpart of the human community and to individuals’ attitudes in dealing with the social world.
Social interest and community feeling (Gemeinschaftsgefühl)
is the action line of one’s community feeling, and it involves being as concernedabout others as one is about oneself. This concept involves the capacity to cooperate andcontribute to something bigger than oneself
Social interest
embodies the feeling of being connected to all of humanity—past, present, and future—and to being involved in making the world a better place.
entails the evolutionary need to belong, and it manifests itself in courage, empathy, caring, compassion, engagement, and cooperation
Community feeling
is not a deterministic concept but does increase an individual’s probability of havinga certain set of experiences.
Birth order
The process of gathering early memories is part of ___________ which involves learning to understand the goals and motivations of the client. When this process is completed, the therapist and the client have targets for therapy.
lifestyle assessment
the concepts about self, others, and life that constitutes the philosophy on which an individual’s lifestyle is based.
involves our convictions and beliefs that get in the way of social interest and that donotfacilitate useful, constructive belonging
private logic
counselor helps the client tell his or her life storyascompletely as possible. This process is facilitated by a generous use of empathic listeningand responding.
subjective interview
seeks to discover information about (a) how problems in theclient’slife began; (b) any precipitating events; (c) a medical history, including current andpastmedications; (d) a social history; (e) the reasons the client chose therapy at this time; (f) theperson’s coping with life tasks; and (g) a lifestyle assessment.
objective interview
includingtheclient’s evaluation of conditions that prevailed in the family when the person was a young child(familyatmosphere), birth order, parental relationship and family values, and extended family andculture.
family constellation,
h clients’ underlying motives for behaving the way they do in the here andnow
creating awareness of one’s directioninlife, one’s goals and purposes, one’s private logic and how it works, and one’s current behavior
Interpretation
literally means “to build courage.
a process of increasingthecourage needed for a person to face difficulties in life
Encouragement
The goal of this technique is to help clients become aware of theirrole in contributing to their unpleasant feelings. Typically, clients are asked to re-createanunpleasant memory, which is then followed by recalling a pleasant memory
push-button technique
