Coun 206 Flashcards
Erik Erikson’s 8 Stages of Man
Psychosocial Development
- Trust vs. Mistrust – First 12-18 months
- Autonomy vs. Self Doubt – 2-3 years
- Initiative vs. Guilt – 3-4/5 years
- Industry vs. Inferiority – elementary school
- Identity vs. Role Diffusion – teenage
- Intimacy vs. Isolation – young adult
- Generativity vs. Stagnation – mid-life
- Ego Integrity vs. Despair – older adult
Lawrence Kohlberg
Cognitive Moral Development
- Reconvention – If I can get away with it, I’ll do it; what’s in it for me?
- Conventional – Law & Order; what are the rules? I’ll only do it if it’s legal
- Post-Conventional – Focused on principles, justice, fairness, equality, etc.
Evelyn Duvall (Family Development)
- Date
- Marry
- Have Kids
- Raise Kids
- Kids Move Out
- Couplehood / Empty Nest
Duvall was the first to apply developmental theory to the family life cycle.
John Bowlby
Attachment Theory
Secure – child gets needs met, warmth, learns the world loves them
Anxious-Ambivalent – meeting child’s needs is highly inconsistent
Avoidant – parents fail to meet the child’s needs
Jean Piaget
Cognitive Factors/Processes
- Stimulus-Response/Sensorimotor – 0-2 years
- Preoperational – 2-7 years
- Concrete-Operational – 7/8-11 years
- Abstract/Formal Operational – 12+ years
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Lower order needs vs. higher order needs with self actualization at the top of the pyramid.
Clayton Alderfer
(ERG Model)
Teratogens
When exposed to a fetus, will cause damage
Margaret Mahler
Observed Infants
- 9 months to 1 year – separation anxiety process
- 1 year to 18 months – more independent
- 18 months – rapprochement; more separation anxiety
- 2 years – autonomy in full force
Object Relations Theory
This person cares for them and the infant associates good feelings with this person.
Splitting – good breast/bad breast; everything is either all good or all bad, never anything in between
Donald Winnicott
“Good Enough Mothering”
Perfect parents screw up their kids by giving them anxiety over perfection
