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3rd Year, 1st Sem > COSC 85 | Finals | Lecture > Flashcards

COSC 85 | Finals | Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

entities that convey meaning

A

data

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2
Q

electric or electromagnetic encoding of data

A

signals

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3
Q

refers to information that is continuous and take on continuous values

A

analog data

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4
Q

refers to information that has discrete states and take on discrete values

A

digital data

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5
Q

can have infinite number of values in a range

A

analog signal

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6
Q

can have only a limited number of values

A

digital signal

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7
Q

completes a pattern within a measurable time frame, called period, and repeats that pattern over subsequent identical periods

A

periodic signal

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8
Q

completion of one full pattern is called

A

cycle

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9
Q

changes without exhibiting a pattern or cycle that repeats over time

A

aperiodic signal

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10
Q

a sine wave, cannot be decomposed into simpler signals

A

simple periodic analog signal

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11
Q

composed of multiple sine waves

A

composite periodic analog signal

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12
Q

most fundamental form of periodic analog signal

A

sine wave

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13
Q

the absolute value of its highest intensity

A

amplitude or peak amplitude

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14
Q

peak amplitude is normally measured in

A

volts (v)

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15
Q

refers to the amount of time, in seconds, a signal need to complete 1 cycle

A

period

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16
Q

refers to the number of periods in 1 second

A

frequency

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17
Q

describes the position of waveform relative to time 0

A

phase or phase shift

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18
Q

another characteristic of a signal traveling through a transmission medium

A

wavelength

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19
Q

shows changes in signal amplitude with respect to time

A

time-domain plot

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20
Q

concerned with only the peak value and the frequency

A

frequency-domain plot

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21
Q

can be decomposed into a series of simple sine waves with discrete frequencies

A

periodic composite signal

22
Q

can be decomposed into a combination of an infinite number of simple sine waves with continuous frequencies

A

non-periodic composite signal

23
Q

the range of frequencies contained in a composite signal

A

bandwidth

24
Q

the transmission of signals that vary discretely with time between two values of some physical quantity, on value representing binary 0 and 1

A

digital transmission

25
Q

these data is assigned to one voltage level to binary 1 and another for binary 0

A

digital data, digital signal

26
Q

these data such as video and voice are often digitized to be able to use digital transmission facilities

A

analog data, digital signal

27
Q

the representation of digital information by a digital signal

A

digital-to-digital encoding

28
Q

in this scheme, all the signal levels are either above or below the axis

A

unipolar

29
Q

the voltage are on the both sides of the axis

A

polar

30
Q

there are three voltage levels: positive, negative, and zero

A

bipolar

31
Q

positive voltage defines bit 1 and zero voltage defines bit 0

A

unipolar encoding

32
Q

the level of signal depends on the type of bit that it represents

A

non return to zero-level

33
Q

Inversion of the voltage level that represents 1 bit

A

non return to zero-inverted

34
Q

Signal changes between bits

A

return to zero

35
Q

an encoding scheme in which signal changes at the middle of the bit interval but does not return to zero

A

biphase

36
Q

this encoding scheme is a combination of RZ and NRZ-L

A

manchester

37
Q

this encoding scheme is a combination of RZ and NRZ-I

A

differential manchester

38
Q

a neutral zero voltage represents binary 0

A

alternate mark inversion

39
Q

Bit 1 is encoded as zero voltage and the bit 0 is encoded as alternating positive and negative voltages

A

pseudoternary

40
Q

a condition where the receiver’s information does not match with the sender’s information

A

error

41
Q

in this error, only 1 bit in the data unit has been changed

A

single bit error

42
Q

Data Unit is received with more than one bit in corrupted state

A

multiple bits error

43
Q

2 or more bits in the data unit have changed

A

burst error

44
Q

the detection of errors caused by noise or other impairments during transmission from the transmitter to receiver

A

error detection

45
Q

the simplest technique and inexpensive to detect the errors

A

vertical redundancy check

46
Q

a single bit error is detected by

A

vertical redundancy check

47
Q

Organizes the original data in the form of a table or 2D Matrix

A

two-dimensional parity check

48
Q

is generated at the sender’s side

A

checksum

49
Q

it subdivides the data into equal segments of n bits each

A

checksum generator

50
Q

appended to the end of data unit so that the resulting data unit becomes exactly divisible by a second, predetermined binary number

A

cyclic redundancy check

3rd Year, 1st Sem (11 decks)

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