Corrections 3 Flashcards
What type of cancer can H. pylori lead to?
Gastric lymphoma (MALT)
Where do gastric lymphomas typically arise?
Antrum of stomach
What type of cancer are Reed-Sternberg cells associated with?
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
What is the best test to initially diagnose Cushing’s syndrome?
The LOW-dose (overnight) dexamethasone suppression test
When is the high dose suppression test used in the diagnsois of Cushing’s?
Once Cushing’s syndrome has been confirmed (i.e. by the low-dose test), additional localisation tests can be completed.
The high-dose dexamethasone suppression test is used to discriminate between Cushing’s disease (i.e. pituitary adenoma) or ectopic ACTH production.
What is it called when neurological symptoms are exacerbated by increases in body temperature?
Uhthoff’s phenomenon
What is Uhthoff’s phenomenon usually associated with?
MS
Which type of stroke is characterised by the an ipsilateral CN III palsy and contralateral hemiparesis?
Weber’s syndrome (a type of midbrain stroke)
What is the most common type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
Nodular sclerosing
What are the 2 first line medications for spasticity in MS?
Baclofen & gabapentin
1st line medication for oscillopsia (visual fields appear to oscillate) in MS?
Gabapentin
1st line management of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia?
IV magnesium sulphate
1st line for cellulitis in pencicillin allergic patients?
erythromycin, clarithromycin or doxycycline
Note - if pregnant, use erythromycin
Contraindication of pioglitazone?
Bladder cancer
When is a platelet transfusion indicated?
Platelet count of <30x10^9 AND clinically significant bleeding.
1st line medical management of myoclonic seizures in females?
Levetiracetam
What is Guillain-Barre syndrome classically triggered by?
Campylobacter jejuni
Symptoms of Guillain-Barre syndrome?
- double vision
- proximal muscle weakness
- ataxic gate
- diminished reflexes
What is Kaposi’s sarcoma?
Caused by the human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8).
Presents as purple papules or plaques on the skin or mucosa (e.g. GI and respiratory tract).
This is an AIDS-defining condition.
Kaposi’s sarcoma indicates what underlying condition?
HIV
1st line imaging in suspected aortic dissection in clinically unstable patients?
Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE)
1st line management of Pneumocystis jiroveci penumonia (PCP)?
Oral co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole).
Or IV pentamidine in severe cases.
Which HIV patients should receive PCP prophylaxis?
All patients with a CD4 count of <200/mm^3
What is a common complication of PCP?
Pneumothorax