Cornoary Heart Disease

Question 1

What is CHD?

Answer 1

narrowing of the arteries that supply the heart, due to fatty material called atheroma

Question 2

What is angina?

Answer 2

crushing pain in chest that may radiate to arm, neck or jaw

Question 3

How to nitrates work?

Answer 3

GTN - fast acting, sublingual tablet or spray, rapidly metabolised by the liver

• Vasodilator
• release of nitrogen oxide which increases cGMP in muscle cells causing them to relax
• reduces heart filling/contraction strength
• caution with hypertension and Viagra

Question 4

What are the side effects of GTN?

Answer 4

throbbing headache (cerebral vasodilation)
dizziness (low bp)

Question 5

What are statins?

Answer 5

Reduced amount of cholesterol in blood stream, block body from making cholesterol
HMG-CoA reductase is rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis (lipid-lowering)
Given to people with high cholesterol - prevents atheroma

Question 6

What are side effects of statins?

Answer 6

GI upset
Abnormal liver tests
Muscle problems

Question 7

What is the effect of GTN?

Answer 7

Increased heart rate

Question 8

Which drug helps reduce cholesterol in the blood?

Answer 8

Simvastatin

Question 9

HDL

Answer 9

Good cholesterol .. takes it away

Question 10

LDL

Answer 10

Bad cholesterol .. transports cholesterol to cell and tissue

Question 11

Drugs used to reduce heart rate

Answer 11

beta blockers

Question 12

Drugs used to reduce filling/ contraction strength

Answer 12

Nitrovasodilators

Question 13

Drugs used to reduce arterial resistance

Answer 13

Blood pressure lowering drugs

Question 14

Drugs used to prevent atheroma formation

Answer 14

Cholesterol lowering drugs (eg statins)

Question 15

Drugs used to decrease clotting

Answer 15

Anti platelet drugs