Cordul Pulmonar Acut Flashcards

1
Q

Cordul pulmonar acut este

A

O consecinta hemodinamica a obstructiei ramurilor arterelor pulmonare

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2
Q

Originea embolului

A

In 85% din cazuri in tromboza venoasa a membrelor inferioare

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3
Q

Cum se produce obstructia ?

A

Cel mai adesea prin tromb, dar poate fi vorba si despre embolie grasoasa

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4
Q

Embolia pulmonara are 3 aspecte

A
  1. Fenomene nespecifice
  2. Infarctul pulmonar
  3. Cordul pulmonar acut
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5
Q

Infarctul pulmonar este produs de …?

A

Embolii mari, ce obstrueaza artera lobara

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6
Q

Tabloul clinic

A

Dispnee si polipnee subita si severa
Durere toracica
Sincopa

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7
Q

In caz de TEP masiv :

A

Dispnee, sincopa, hipotensiune, cianoza

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8
Q

In caz de TEP mic :

A

Junghi pleuretic, tuse, hemoptizie

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9
Q

Examen fizic :

A

La cei tineri, semne clasice ar fi : tahicardia, hipotermina, distensia venelor gatului, accentuarea zgomotului II.
Varstnicii, se plang de un vag disconfort toracic.

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10
Q

Metode de diagnostic non-imagistice

A
  1. Teste hematologice, ce arata nivelul crescut al dimerului D plasmatic > 500 ng/ml;
  2. EKG cu tahicardie sinusala, FiA sau flutter, unda S in D1, unda Q in D3
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11
Q

Metode de diagnostic imagistice non-invazive

A
  1. Radiografia pulmonara, cu semnul Westermark (olighemia focala), semnul Hampton (densitatea in banda deasupra diafragmului) sau semnul Palla (cresterea diametrului arterei pulmonare drepte desc.)
  2. Ultrasonografia venoasa
  3. Scintigrafia pulmonara
  4. CT toracic
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12
Q

Metode invazive de diagnostic

A
  1. Angiografia pulmonara

2. Flebografia de contrast

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13
Q

Dg diferential

A

Infarct miocardic acut inf
Pneumonia
Pneumotorax spontan
Pericardita acuta

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14
Q

Tratament : terapia primara si secundara

A

Embolectomie

Lizarea cheagului prin tromboliza

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15
Q

Tratament : terapia adjuvanta

A

Ameliorarea durerii
Oxigenoterapie
Suport psihologic
Agonisti beta-adrenergici (dobutamina)

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16
Q

Tratament : Tromboliza

A

Poate redresa ins cardiaca dreapta
Produce urm efecte :
-dizolva o parte mare din trombus
-previne descarcarea continua de serotonina
-dizolva o mare parte din masa trombusului de la nivelul venelor pelvine sau al membrelor inferioare