Copper

Question 1

what are the 2 valence states of copper

Answer 1

1. Cuprous (Cu+)

2. Cupric (Cu2+)

Question 2

what three ways does copper become absorbed on brush border

Answer 2

1. copper transporter (Ctr1)
2. DMT1 - symports Cu+ and H+ simultaneously
3. amino acids transports - for cysteine and histidine

Question 3

copper ions damage cells through

Answer 3

fenton reaction

Question 4

copper found in body’s cells bound to

Answer 4

1. glutathione
2. metallothionein
3. chaperone proteins

Question 5

____ is used for Cu+ transport

Answer 5

Atox1

Question 6

_____ is for SOD synthesis

Answer 6

CCS (copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase)

Question 7

copper is transported in the blood to the liver via

Answer 7

1. albumin

2. transcuprein

Question 8

what organ is the main storage site for copper

Answer 8

liver (bound to metallothionein)

Question 9

what are the 8 metalloenzymes of copper

Answer 9

1. ceruloplasmin
2. cytochrome C oxidase
3. superoxide dismutase
4. hephaestin
5. dopamine hydroxylase
6. tyrosinase
7. peptidyglycine alpha-amidating monoxygenase
8. lysyl oxidase

Question 10

what produces melanin

Answer 10

tyrosinase

Question 11

deficiency in tyrosinase leads to

Answer 11

albinism

Question 12

defective biliary copper excretion is the result of

Answer 12

wilson’s disease

Question 13

ATP7B is also called

Answer 13

Wilson’s ATPase

Question 14

genetic disorder characterized by

Answer 14

copper toxicity